环保署续延德州柴油紧急豁免至11月13日：老旧车辆与非道路设备可用高硫柴油
美国环境保护署（环保署 EPA）在其官网燃油豁免页面公布，环保署经与能源部协商、依据《清洁空气法》，已应德州请求续延一项临时柴油紧急豁免，以应对德州境内极端且异常的柴油供应中断。续延后的豁免有效期至2026年11月13日，为《清洁空气法》允许的最长20天。环保署10月5日首次就同一供应问题发出豁免，原有效期至10月24日。
豁免内容是暂时免除联邦州实施计划中的德州低排放柴油（TX-Low Emissions Diesel）标准，以及超低硫柴油（ULSD，硫含量15 ppm）的联邦要求，允许在部分原本按高硫燃油设计与认证的老旧柴油车辆和非道路设备中使用硫含量较高的柴油；10月5日豁免文件写明，豁免范围内柴油硫含量最高可达500 ppm。需要超低硫柴油的新款车辆与发动机不在豁免范围内，仍须使用超低硫柴油，以免损坏排放控制设备。
环保署表示，将继续与州政府及行业伙伴监测供应状况，如有需要随时准备再次延长豁免。州一级，德州州长 Greg Abbott 此前已发布全州灾害公告，暂停州级染色柴油公路使用限制，以配合应对燃油供应紧张。近期围绕柴油供应的联邦与州级宽免动作频密：环保署对德州的豁免之外，国税局 IRS 已就染色柴油应税使用发布申报与记录义务的临时不罚减免，西弗吉尼亚州与俄亥俄州也就染色柴油公路使用出台了州级紧急措施。
EPA Renews Texas Emergency Diesel Waiver Through November 13 for Older Vehicles and Equipment
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), according to its official fuel waivers page, has renewed a temporary emergency diesel waiver at the request of the State of Texas, in consultation with the U.S. Department of Energy and in accordance with the Clean Air Act, to prevent extreme and unusual fuel supply disruptions affecting diesel supply within Texas. The renewed waiver runs through November 13, 2026, the maximum 20 days allowed under the Clean Air Act. EPA first issued the waiver for the same supply disruption on October 5, with an original expiration of October 24.
The waiver temporarily lifts the federal State Implementation Plan's Texas Low Emissions Diesel (TXLED) standards and the ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD, 15 ppm sulfur) requirements, allowing the use of higher-sulfur diesel in certain older diesel vehicles and nonroad equipment originally designed and certified for that fuel. EPA's October 5 waiver letter states that diesel covered by the waiver may contain up to 500 ppm sulfur. Newer vehicles and engines that require ULSD are not covered and must continue using ultra-low sulfur diesel to avoid damage to emissions-control equipment.
EPA said it will continue monitoring supply conditions with state and industry partners and stands ready to extend the waiver if warranted. At the state level, Texas Governor Greg Abbott previously issued a statewide disaster proclamation suspending state restrictions on the highway use of dyed diesel in response to the tight fuel supply. The Texas action is one of several recent federal and state diesel relief measures: the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has issued temporary penalty relief on reporting and recordkeeping for taxable dyed-diesel use, and West Virginia and Ohio have adopted state-level emergency measures on dyed diesel for highway use.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：柴油加注（资料图；Santeri Viinamäki 摄，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA）
