UC San Diego 研究：青年成人高尼古丁电子烟使用激增，尼古丁依赖随之上升
加州大学圣迭戈分校（UC San Diego）Herbert Wertheim 公共卫生与人类长寿科学学院的研究人员发现，2017年至2022年间，美国青年成人使用高尼古丁电子烟的比例大幅上升，且与尼古丁依赖加重、电子烟使用更持续相关。该研究于2026年10月20日发表于期刊《Tobacco Control》，分析了具有全国代表性的烟草与健康人口评估（PATH）研究在2017、2019、2021与2022年的调查数据。
研究显示，到2022年，每日吸电子烟的青年成人中近半数（49.2%）使用尼古丁含量至少4%的高尼古丁产品，而2017年这一比例仅为3.1%；在55岁及以上的每日使用者中，该比例为4.5%。总体而言，2022年吸电子烟者中，18至24岁人群使用高尼古丁产品的几率是55岁及以上人群的12倍。资深作者、该学院教授 John P. Pierce 表示，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）当初授权这类产品，部分是预期其对成年吸烟者的益处会超过给年轻人带来新尼古丁依赖的风险，而此次发现提示这一权衡需要重新评估。研究人员同时指出，该研究为观察性研究，不能确立因果关系。
UC San Diego Study: High-Nicotine E-Cigarette Use Surged Among Young Adults, Alongside Nicotine Dependence
Researchers at the University of California San Diego's Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science found that high-nicotine e-cigarette use rose sharply among U.S. young adults between 2017 and 2022 and was associated with increased nicotine dependence and more persistent vaping. The study, published October 20, 2026, in the journal Tobacco Control, analyzed data from the nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study surveys conducted in 2017, 2019, 2021 and 2022.
By 2022, nearly half (49.2%) of young adults who vaped daily were using e-cigarettes containing at least 4% nicotine, the study's threshold for high-nicotine products, up from 3.1% in 2017. Among daily vapers ages 55 and older, just 4.5% used products at that level. Overall, among people who vaped in 2022, the odds of using a high-nicotine e-cigarette were 12 times higher for 18- to 24-year-olds than for adults 55 and older. Senior author John P. Pierce, a professor at the school, said the Food and Drug Administration's authorization of these products was based in part on the expectation that benefits to adults who smoke would outweigh the risks of creating new nicotine dependence among young people, and that the findings suggest this balance needs to be reassessed. The researchers noted the study is observational and cannot establish cause and effect.
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图片来源：图：电子烟设备特写（资料图）。照片：Vaping360，CC BY 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / A close-up of an e-cigarette device (file photo). Photo: Vaping360, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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