法国报告全球首例人类感染沙蒙达病毒病例 患者已于本月初死亡
巴黎——法国卫生部门 22 日发布公报说，该国发现全球首例有正式记录的沙蒙达病毒人类感染病例，患者
已于本月初死亡。
沙蒙达病毒属于正布尼亚病毒属，主要通过库蠓属吸血蠓虫传播给动物。该病毒于 20 世纪 60 年代中期首
次在尼日利亚被发现，此后在西非、东非、非洲南部以及日本的牛群中有零星报告。法国动物卫生部门
称，该病毒对动物造成的影响包括腹泻、虚弱和食欲减退等，少数情况下会导致发热。
公报说，在该病例之前，从未有过人类感染该病毒的记录。患者死前因罹患重症在法国里昂的医院接受治
疗。初步调查显示，患者出现的脑部并发症很可能与感染沙蒙达病毒有关，但相关临床、生物学和流行病
学调查仍在进行中。今年夏季，沙蒙达病毒首次在法国等欧洲国家的养牛场中被发现。卫生部门推测，患
者可能是在法国东部被携带病毒的吸血蠓虫叮咬后感染。
法国卫生部门表示，这是一起发生在免疫功能严重受损者身上的特殊病例。目前，相关部门正持续展开调
查，并已向世界卫生组织和欧洲疾病预防控制中心通报情况。
欧洲疾病预防控制中心当天发布公报说，在收到法国通报后正密切关注相关态势。该中心指出，该患者免
疫功能严重受损导致其感染风险升高；目前关于该病毒是患者死亡的直接原因还是叠加因素、以及感染途
径的调查正在进行中。
France Reports World's First Recorded Human Case of Shamonda Virus; Patient Died Earlier This Month
PARIS — French health authorities said in a communique on Oct. 22 that the country has identified the world's first formally recorded human case of Shamonda virus infection. The patient died earlier this month.
Shamonda virus belongs to the orthobunyavirus genus and is transmitted to animals mainly by blood-feeding midges of the genus Culicoides. The virus was first discovered in Nigeria in the mid-1960s, with sporadic reports since in cattle herds in West, East and Southern Africa as well as Japan. According to French animal health authorities, its effects on animals include diarrhea, weakness and loss of appetite, and fever in rare cases.
The communique said there had never been a recorded human infection before this case. The patient had been treated at a hospital in Lyon, France, for a severe illness before death. Preliminary investigation suggests the patient's brain complications were likely linked to the Shamonda virus infection, though clinical, biological and epidemiological investigations are ongoing. This summer, the virus was detected for the first time in cattle farms in France and other European countries. Health authorities suspect the patient may have been bitten by a virus-carrying midge in eastern France.
French health authorities described it as an exceptional case in a severely immunocompromised individual, adding that investigations are continuing and that the World Health Organization and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control have been notified.
The ECDC said in a communique the same day that it was closely monitoring the situation. The patient's severely impaired immune function had raised the risk of infection, the center noted, and
investigations are underway into whether the virus was the direct cause of death or a contributing factor, and into the route of infection.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：库蠓Culicoides imicola显微照片（资料图）。照片：Alan R Walker，CC BY-SA 3.0，经Wikimedia Commons。Photo: The biting midge Culicoides imicola under a microscope (file photo). Photo: Alan R Walker, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
