联邦第五巡回上诉法院推翻密西西比州DEI禁令封杀令：认定初审法官裁决含AI生成错误，案件移交新法官
总部位于新奥尔良的联邦第五巡回上诉法院10月22日裁定，撤销此前阻止密西西比州公立学校"多元、公平与包容"（DEI）禁令实施的初步禁制令，并将这起民权诉讼从初审法官亨利·温盖特手中移交给另一名联邦地区法官重新审理。
三人合议庭主笔杰里·史密斯法官在意见书中严厉批评温盖特的裁决是"搞砸了的差事"（botch job），称其包含"草率的命令"和"卷宗中根本不存在的若干事实断言"，且对法律理解有误。"地区法院——或者说得客气些，它的AI代理人——无视并曲解了现行法律，显然是为了迎合某种政策议程，" 史密斯写道。温盖特此前已承认，其关键裁决中的错误源于一名法律助理未经核实使用了AI平台 Perplexity，裁决中出现了虚构的人名和不存在的法律依据，引发参议院司法委员会主席查克·格拉斯利的质询。
上诉法院同时给出详细指引，要求新法官评估该法时注意：该法仅适用于教育工作者、不针对学生，各州对公立课程和公共资金资助的言论拥有广泛规制权。此案为"杰克逊教师联合会诉菲奇案"（案号25-60496），原告为教师、教授、学生及维权团体，主张该法违反宪法第一和第十四修正案。被告方为共和党籍州总检察长林恩·菲奇办公室，温盖特与合议庭法官均为共和党任命。近年来全美法院频
现AI生成的虚假引文，此案是法官本人被认定使用AI起草意见的最受瞩目案例之一。
Fifth Circuit Overturns Injunction Blocking Mississippi DEI Ban: Finds District Judge's Ruling Contained AI-Generated Errors, Reassigns Case
The New Orleans-based U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit ruled on October 22 to vacate the preliminary injunction that had blocked enforcement of Mississippi's ban on 'diversity, equity and inclusion' (DEI) in public schools, and reassigned the civil rights lawsuit from District Judge Henry Wingate to another federal district judge.
Writing for the three-judge panel, Judge Jerry Smith sharply criticized Wingate's ruling as a 'botch job,' calling it full of 'sloppy edicts' and 'assertions of fact that are not in the record,' and legally mistaken. 'The district court — or, more politely, its AI agent — ignored and misrepresented current law, apparently to serve some policy agenda,' Smith wrote. Wingate previously acknowledged that errors in his key ruling came from a law clerk's unverified use of the AI platform Perplexity, producing fictitious names and nonexistent legal authorities, which prompted an inquiry from Senate Judiciary Committee Chair Chuck Grassley.
The appeals court also gave detailed guidance for the new judge's evaluation of the law: it applies only to educators, not students, and states have broad authority to regulate public curricula and publicly funded speech. The case is Jackson Federation of Teachers v. Fitch (No. 25-60496); the plaintiffs are teachers, professors, students and advocacy groups who argue the law violates the First and Fourteenth Amendments. The defendant is the office of Republican state Attorney General Lynn Fitch; both Wingate and the panel judges were appointed by Republican presidents. Courts nationwide have seen a stream of AI-generated fake citations in recent years, and this is among the most prominent cases of a judge himself found to have used AI in drafting an opinion.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：密西西比州议会大厦 / Mississippi State Capitol, Jackson — Tony Webster, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
