威斯康星州马里内特县野生鹿首现慢性消耗病
威斯康星州自然资源部（DNR）10月22日宣布，在马里内特县（Marinette County）Peshtigo 附近的一头野生鹿身上检出慢性消耗病（CWD），这是该县野生鹿群中的首例阳性病例。这头3岁的成年雄鹿因出现患病症状被实施安乐死。邻近的奥康托县今年早些时候也有一头野生鹿检出阳性，该县2025年检出两例、2024年检出一例。此次检出将使马里内特县现行的诱饵与投喂禁令再延长三年；若县内再出现新增病例，禁令到期日还将继续顺延，相邻县的现有禁令不受影响。
慢性消耗病是由传染性朊病毒引起的影响鹿、麋鹿和驼鹿大脑的致命神经系统疾病，主要通过密切接触传播，朊病毒也可在土壤、植物和水中长期存活。该病尚未发现会感染人类或牛、猪等常见家畜，但卫生官员建议不要食用慢性消耗病阳性动物的肉。自上世纪60年代在科罗拉多州一家研究机构首次发现以来，该病已蔓延至37个州、加拿大5省以及芬兰、挪威、韩国和瑞典（据美国地质调查局2026年6月报告）。威斯康星州2002年首次在野生鹿和养殖鹿中发现该病；2025年采样年度，全州共检测18368头野生鹿，其中2040头呈阳性，阳性比例约11%，为该州监测以来的最高纪录。
First Case of Chronic Wasting Disease in a Wild Deer Found in Wisconsin's Marinette County
The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) announced on October 22 that chronic wasting disease (CWD) was found in a wild deer near Peshtigo in Marinette County, the first positive test in the county's wild deer herd. The deer, a 3-year-old adult buck, was humanely killed after showing signs of illness. A wild deer also tested positive earlier this year in neighboring Oconto County, where two positives were recorded in 2025 and one in 2024. The detection will extend Marinette County's current baiting and feeding ban by three additional years, with further extensions if more cases appear; bans in adjacent counties are unaffected.
CWD is a fatal neurological disease of deer, elk and moose caused by an infectious prion that affects the brain. It spreads mainly through close animal contact, and prions can persist in soil, plants and water. The disease has not been found to infect humans or livestock such as cattle and pigs, though health officials recommend not eating meat from a CWD-positive animal. Since it was identified in the 1960s at a Colorado research facility, CWD has spread to 37 states, five Canadian provinces, and Finland, Norway, South Korea and Sweden, according to a June 2026 U.S. Geological Survey report. Wisconsin first detected the disease in wild and farmed deer in 2002. In the 2025 sampling year, 2,040 of 18,368 wild deer tested statewide were positive, about 11 percent, a record high since monitoring began.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：白尾鹿。照片：Quist，CC BY-SA 4.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons（File: White-tailed Deer Doe.jpg）
