万圣节前查一遍糖果袋：FDA食品安全提示汇总包装查验、过敏原标签与窒息隐患三要点
万圣节（10 月 31 日）临近，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）发布的节日食品安全提示把重点放在孩子讨糖回家后的查验环节。FDA 表示，孩子出门前应先吃些正餐或点心，避免在讨糖途中忍不住先吃；到家后由家长统一检查，只接受商业包装完好的糖果，包装有破口、针孔、异样外观或变色的应直接丢弃，自制、没有包装的食物不要接受、不要食用。
过敏原是第二道关。FDA 要求绝大多数包装食品在标签上标明九大主要食物过敏原，包括牛奶、鸡蛋、鱼、甲壳类贝类、坚果、小麦、花生、大豆与芝麻。食物过敏研究与教育组织（FARE）已于 9 月 22 日重启 2026 年「蓝南瓜项目」（Teal Pumpkin Project），并提醒家长：迷你装、「分享装」糖果可能与常规装在不同工厂生产、配方略有差异，甚至没有成分标签，不能因为吃过同款大包装就跳过查验。FDA 食品技术专家 Carol D'Lima 说，食品配方随时可能更改，「每次购买时都要看标签，即使以前吃过、没有过敏反应也一样」。
对幼儿家庭，FDA 提示要挑出口香糖、花生、硬糖与小玩具等可能造成窒息的物品。在家办万圣节派对时，FDA 还提醒：苹果汁与苹果酒只选经巴氏杀菌的产品，未经杀菌的果汁可能含有沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌等有害细菌；不要品尝或端上用生鸡蛋、生面粉做的曲奇面团；手指三明治、奶酪拼盘、奶油派等易腐食物应冷藏待客，摆放超过两小时的应丢弃。
装扮安全也在 FDA 的提示清单上：选购标有「阻燃」字样的服装，穿鲜艳、带反光的装扮或粘贴反光条；用化妆代替可能遮挡视线的面具，化妆品至少提前 24 至 48 小时做皮肤测试；不要佩戴未经正规渠道销售的装饰性彩色隐形眼镜，以免造成眼部损伤。
Before Halloween, Check the Candy Bag: FDA Food-Safety Tips Cover Wrapper Inspection, Allergen Labels and Choking Hazards
With Halloween (October 31) approaching, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) holiday food-safety tips focus on what happens when children bring their candy home. The FDA says children should eat a healthy snack or meal before heading out so they are not tempted to nibble on the way, and that treats should be inspected at home: accept only commercially wrapped items, and throw away anything with torn wrappers, tiny pinholes, an unusual appearance or discoloration. Homemade treats from strangers should not be accepted or eaten.
Allergen labels are the second checkpoint. The FDA requires most packaged foods to disclose the nine major food allergens: milk, egg, fish, crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, wheat, peanuts, soybeans and sesame. Food Allergy Research & Education (FARE), which relaunched its Teal Pumpkin Project for 2026 on September 22, warns that miniature and "fun-size" candies may be made in different facilities, use slightly different formulations, or arrive without ingredient labeling, so a candy a child has eaten safely before should not get an automatic pass. "A food product's ingredients can be changed at any time," FDA food technologist Carol D'Lima said. "Check the label every time you buy the product, even if you have eaten it before and didn't have an allergic reaction."
For very young children, the FDA advises removing choking hazards such as gum, peanuts, hard candies and small toys. For Halloween parties at home, the agency says to serve only pasteurized juice or cider, since unpasteurized products can contain harmful bacteria such as Salmonella or E. coli; not to taste or serve raw cookie dough made with uncooked eggs or raw flour; and to keep perishable foods such as finger sandwiches, cheese platters and cream pies chilled until serving, discarding items left out for more than two hours.
Costume safety is also on the FDA's list: choose costumes labeled "flame resistant," wear bright, reflective outfits or add reflective tape, use makeup instead of vision-blocking masks and test makeup 24 to 48 hours in advance, and avoid decorative colored contact lenses sold without a prescription because of the risk of eye injury.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：万圣节装扮与糖果活动（资料图）。图：美国空军一等兵 Jessel Fabara 摄，公共领域，经维基共享资源。 / File photo: a Halloween costume and candy event. Photo by U.S. Air Force Airman 1st Class Jessel Fabara, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
