土耳其将与沙特、巴基斯坦签署的《麦加共同防御协定》提交议会批准：执政党议员称还将提请授权向沙特部署军事人员
安卡拉——据路透社报道，三名议会消息人士10月20日（周二）称，土耳其已将该国与沙特阿拉伯、巴基斯坦签订的防务协定提交议会批准，北约第二大军队由此向与利雅得达成正式共同防御承诺又近一步——沙特此时正面临胡塞武装的袭击。一名执政党正义与发展党议员10月21日（周三）对路透社表示，土耳其还计划向议会提交一项授权，允许依据该协定将军事人员部署到沙特阿拉伯；该授权将在协定批准法案通过后送交议会。
三国今年8月签署《麦加共同防御协定》（Mecca Joint Defence Agreement），约定对任一成员的武装攻击将被视为对全体成员的攻击；签署时的联合声明没有具体说明各国的承诺内容。本月早些时候，三国在利雅得举行紧急会议，同意确保在沙特阿拉伯「快速部署」军事力量与能力。
土耳其拥有实力雄厚的国防工业，已谴责胡塞武装对沙特阿拉伯的袭击，表示愿意帮助满足利雅得的军事技术需求，并同意加入沙特主导的、保障红海航行安全的联盟。土耳其正式批准该协定须经议会批准程序：两名消息人士称，议长努曼·库尔图尔穆什（Numan Kurtulmus）目前正在吉尔吉斯斯坦访问，回国后将把协定送交议会外交事务委员会，协定的内容与细节预计在送交委员会时公开；另一名消息人士称，委员会最快周五即可展开辩论。
一名不愿具名的土耳其官员说，土耳其自身的贡献预计仅限于军事装备、情报共享与武器系统，并表示迄今该联盟框架下尚未发生其他形式的部署。当被问及土耳其如何帮助沙特抵御也门胡塞武装袭击时，土耳其外交部长哈坎·菲丹（Hakan Fidan）表示，《麦加协定》不是一份「进攻性协定」，土耳其不会向另一个国家派遣部队去袭击其领土。
另据路透社10月21日报道，土耳其国防部表示，土耳其、卡塔尔、巴基斯坦与印度尼西亚当天在多哈签署了名为《巴德尔谅解备忘录》的协定，旨在加强防务合作、提升防御能力；土耳其国防部在声明中说，该协定还将支持军事演习与训练、研发合作，并为改善各国防务工业的共同努力作出贡献。
Turkey Submits Saudi-Pakistan Defence Pact to Parliament; Lawmaker Says Mandate to Deploy Personnel to Saudi Arabia Will Follow
ANKARA — Turkey has submitted a defence pact with Pakistan and Saudi Arabia to parliament for ratification, three parliamentary sources told Reuters on Tuesday, October 20, moving NATO's second-largest army closer to a formal mutual defence pledge with Riyadh as it faces Houthi attacks. A lawmaker from the ruling AK Party told Reuters on Wednesday, October 21, that Turkey will also submit to parliament a mandate allowing military personnel to be deployed to Saudi Arabia under the pact, to be sent once a bill ratifying the accord has been approved.
The three countries signed the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement in August, under which an armed attack on one member is considered an attack on all. A joint statement issued when they signed the deal did not specify what each country had committed to. At an emergency meeting of the alliance in Riyadh earlier this month, they agreed to ensure the "rapid deployment" of military forces and capabilities in Saudi Arabia.
Turkey, which has a robust defence industry, has condemned Houthi attacks on Saudi Arabia, expressed willingness to help meet Riyadh's military technology needs and agreed to join a Saudi-led coalition to ensure navigational safety in the Red Sea. Parliamentary ratification is required for Turkey to formally approve the agreement. Parliament Speaker Numan Kurtulmus, currently visiting Kyrgyzstan, will refer the agreement to parliament's foreign affairs commission upon his return, two of the sources said; the contents and details of the agreement are expected to become public once it is submitted to the commission, and the commission could debate the agreement as early as Friday, another source said.
A Turkish official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said Turkey's own contribution was expected to be limited to military equipment, intelligence sharing and weapons systems, adding that no other form of deployment had taken place under the alliance so far. Asked how Turkey could help Saudi Arabia defend against attacks by Yemen's Houthis, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan said the Mecca Agreement was not an "offensive agreement," adding that Turkey would not send troops to another country to carry out attacks on its territory.
In a separate development on Wednesday, Turkey, Qatar, Pakistan and Indonesia signed an agreement in Doha, the "Badr Memorandum of Understanding," aimed at boosting defence cooperation and strengthening defensive capabilities, the Turkish Defence Ministry said. In a statement, the ministry said the accord would also support military exercises and training, cooperation on research and development, and joint efforts to improve the countries' respective defence industries.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：土耳其大国民议会会议（资料图）。照片：Yildiz Yazicioglu（美国之音），公有领域，经Wikimedia Commons。A session of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (file photo). Photo: Yildiz Yazicioglu (VOA), public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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