跟进：尼日利亚确诊十多年来首例埃博拉输入病例 患者自乌干达抵达、44名接触者受监测

世界卫生组织（WHO）10月20日证实，尼日利亚确诊该国十多年来首例埃博拉病例，病毒为 Bundibugyo 型。患者是一名女子，近日自乌干达抵达尼日利亚，10月7日、即抵达后四天出现症状，10月11日前往首都 Abuja 一家私立医疗机构就诊，10月20日实验室检测确诊，目前在隔离治疗中。尼日利亚卫生当局已识别44名接触者并进行监测，同时调查其感染来源与完整旅行、暴露史。

感染地点尚在调查。乌干达卫生部表示，乌干达目前没有确诊的活跃埃博拉病例，该女子暴露于病毒的地点仍在调查中；仅凭其过境或自乌干达出发，不能认定感染发生在乌干达。尼日利亚疾控中心（NCDC）已启动事件管理系统协调应对，世卫组织与合作伙伴正协助尼方加强病例调查、接触者追踪与院内感染防控。

尼日利亚是自刚果民主共和国今年5月15日宣布 Bundibugyo 型埃博拉疫情以来，第五个检出该病毒的国家。据刚果（金）卫生当局数据，截至10月18日，该国已录得超过9,500例病例与超过4,200例死亡，是该国有记录以来最致命的一次埃博拉疫情。乌干达今年早些时候的一轮疫情已于8月底宣布结束；肯尼亚已报告9例与输入病例相关的病例，荷兰报告1例关联病例。Bundibugyo 型目前没有获批的疫苗或特效药物。

世卫组织敦促地区各国保持高度防范，维持监测、实验室检测与快速反应能力，并表示不建议对受影响国家实施旅行或贸易限制。

Follow-Up: Nigeria Confirms First Imported Ebola Case in Over a Decade; Patient Arrived From Uganda, 44 Contacts Monitored

The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed on October 20 that Nigeria has recorded its first Ebola case in more than a decade, caused by the Bundibugyo strain. The patient is a woman who recently arrived in Nigeria from Uganda; her symptoms began on October 7, four days after arrival, she sought care at a private health facility in the capital, Abuja, on October 11, and laboratory testing confirmed the infection on October 20. She remains in isolation and is receiving care. Nigerian health authorities have identified 44 contacts who are being monitored, while investigations continue into the likely source of her infection and her full travel and exposure history.

Where she was infected remains under investigation. Uganda's health ministry said Uganda currently has no confirmed active Ebola cases and that the location where the woman was exposed is still being established; her travel from or through Uganda does not by itself prove she was infected there. Nigeria's Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has activated its incident management system, and WHO and partners are supporting case investigation, contact tracing and infection prevention in health facilities.

Nigeria is the fifth country to detect the Bundibugyo strain since the Democratic Republic of the Congo declared an outbreak on May 15. Congolese health authorities have recorded more than 9,500 cases and more than 4,200 deaths as of October 18, the deadliest Ebola outbreak in the country's history. Uganda's own earlier outbreak was declared over in late August; Kenya has reported nine cases linked to an imported infection and the Netherlands one linked case. There is no approved vaccine or specific treatment for the Bundibugyo strain.

WHO urged countries in the region to maintain a high level of preparedness, surveillance, laboratory capacity and rapid-response readiness, and said it does not recommend travel or trade restrictions on affected countries.

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：埃博拉病毒电镜图。Cynthia Goldsmith 摄，美国疾控中心 CDC 公共领域图片，经 Wikimedia Commons 发布／Electron micrograph of the Ebola virus. Photo by Cynthia Goldsmith, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

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