重阳敬老看数据：PPIC 报告称工资收入让约80万加州长者免于贫困 老年劳工撑起近年逾三分之二劳动力净增长
Sacramento——重阳节是敬老节。加州公共政策研究院（Public Policy Institute of California，PPIC）10月12日发布报告《加州的老年劳工》（Older Workers in California），以数据描摹加州长者的工作与生计状况。报告由 Hans Johnson、Eric McGhee、Daniel Payares-Montoya 与 Sarah Bohn 撰写。
报告指出，老年劳工已成为加州劳动力增长的重要来源：2019年至2024年间，65岁以上劳工贡献了全州劳动力净增长的逾三分之二；2006年至2024年间，他们占全州劳动力增长的30%。工作收入是相当一部分长者的基本生计来源——工资收入目前让约80万名加州长者（约13%）免于贫困，其中以65至69岁年龄段为主；就该年龄段而言，工作收入让约三分之一的人免于贫困或接近贫困。社会保障金（Social Security）在长者预算中同样分量突出，对70岁以上、工作比例较低的人群尤其如此。
报告还描摹了老年劳动力的结构变化：白人长者2006年约占老年劳工的三分之二，到2040年将成为少数；增长最快的将是拉丁裔与亚裔劳工，其中许多人于1980年代移民加州。教育程度较低群体的参与率也在上升：65至69岁、无高中文凭者的劳动参与率从2006年的18%升至2024年的25%，预计2040年达33%。报告预计65至74岁的参与率到2040年将温和上升，但会被75岁以上人口的快速增长部分抵消。报告提及，加州《老龄总规划》（Master Plan for Aging）列有终身工作机会、防范年龄歧视等目标。
（来源：加州公共政策研究院（PPIC））
Chongyang Data Point: PPIC Finds Wages Keep Some 800,000 Older Californians Out of Poverty, and Older Workers Accounted for Over Two-Thirds of Recent Net Labor Force Gains
SACRAMENTO — The Double Ninth Festival is also Seniors' Day. The Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC) released a report, Older Workers in California, on October 12, examining the work and economic circumstances of older Californians. The report was authored by Hans Johnson, Eric McGhee, Daniel Payares-Montoya and Sarah Bohn.
The report finds that older workers have become an important source of labor force growth in California: between 2019 and 2024, workers age 65 and above accounted for more than two-thirds of net labor force gains statewide, and they accounted for 30 percent of the state's labor force growth between 2006 and 2024. Work is an essential income source for a substantial share of older Californians: earnings from work currently keep roughly 800,000 older Californians, or about 13 percent, out of poverty, mostly in the 65-to-69 age group; for that age group, earnings keep roughly a third out of poverty or near-poverty. Social Security benefits also play an outsized role in older adults' budgets, especially for those 70 and older, who are less likely to work.
The composition of the older workforce is also changing. White adults made up about two-thirds of older workers in 2006 but will be a minority by 2040; the fastest growth will occur among Latino and Asian workers, many of whom immigrated to California in the 1980s. Participation is also rising among older adults with lower educational attainment: among Californians age 65 to 69 without a high school diploma, labor force participation rose from 18 percent in 2006 to 25 percent in 2024 and is projected to reach 33 percent by 2040. Participation among 65- to 74-year-olds is projected to keep rising modestly through 2040, partly offset by rapid population growth among those 75 and older. The report notes that California's Master Plan for Aging outlines goals including lifelong opportunities for work and protection from discrimination.
Source: Compiled from the Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC) report and policy brief, October 12.
来源：加州公共政策研究院
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：PPIC 报告图表：2024年比2006年多75.4万名65岁以上加州人在工作。图片来源：加州公共政策研究院（PPIC）《加州的老年劳工》报告。Photo: Chart from the PPIC report: 754,000 more Californians age 65+ were working in 2024 than in 2006. Image: Public Policy Institute of California (PPIC), Older Workers in California.
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