巴西总统决选10月25日举行 弗拉维奥·博索纳罗承诺2000亿雷亚尔财政调整、称不动社会支出

据路透社10月17日报道，巴西参议员弗拉维奥·博索纳罗周五在环球电视台《国家日报》节目受访时表示，若当选总统，他将实现2000亿雷亚尔（约394.9亿美元）的联邦预算财政调整，但不会触动政治上敏感的社会支出承诺，并驳斥了媒体关于其竞选团队考虑削减社会福利的报道。他将于10月25日的第二轮投票中对阵现任总统、左翼的路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦，目前民调略微领先。

博索纳罗说，调整将来自裁撤部委、整治国有企业管理不善与盘活联邦不动产资产，而不是停止最低工资实际增长、取消福利自动调整或削减强制性社会支出。他还表示，不会推翻本周三通过的、把巴西每周工作制从六天改为五天的宪法修正案。「现在流传着很多假消息，这是把话说清楚的重要时刻，」他说。

财政问题是本次决选的核心议题之一。巴西政府总债务在卢拉本届任内上升逾10个百分点，达到国内生产总值的82.9%。第一轮投票中，博索纳罗以47%对45%领先现任总统；此后长期利率下降，投资者对可能的政府更替持乐观态度。两大阵营在决选前都主打对选民友好的财政主张，分析人士认为，真正触及债务结构性成因的方案要等选举后才会明朗。（GSM 据路透社报道）

Brazil's Flavio Bolsonaro Pledges 200 Billion-Real Fiscal Adjustment Without Touching Social Spending Ahead of Oct. 25 Runoff

Brazilian Senator Flavio Bolsonaro said on Friday that if elected president he would deliver a 200 billion-real ($39.49 billion) fiscal adjustment in the federal budget without touching politically sensitive social spending commitments, Reuters reported on October 17. In an interview with TV Globo's Jornal Nacional, Brazil's most-watched newscast, he rejected media reports that his campaign was considering cuts to social benefits. Bolsonaro, the eldest son of former President Jair Bolsonaro, faces leftist incumbent President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva in a runoff on October 25 and currently leads in the polls.

Bolsonaro said the adjustment would instead come from eliminating ministries, tackling mismanagement at state-controlled firms and monetizing federal real estate assets. He dismissed proposals attributed to his campaign to halt real increases in the minimum wage, eliminate automatic adjustments for social benefits or reduce mandatory social expenditures, and said he would not seek to reverse a constitutional amendment approved on Wednesday shortening Brazil's working week from six days to five. "There has been a lot of fake news circulating, and this is an important moment to set the record straight," he said.

Fiscal policy is a central issue in the runoff. Brazil's gross public debt has risen more than 10 percentage points during Lula's current term, to 82.9 percent of GDP. Bolsonaro finished the first round ahead of the incumbent, 47 percent to 45 percent, and long-term interest rates have fallen since, reflecting investor optimism about a possible change of government. Both campaigns have stuck to voter-friendly fiscal proposals in the final stretch, and analysts say measures addressing the structural drivers of the debt are unlikely to surface until after the election. (GSM, based on Reuters reporting)

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：图：巴西利亚的巴西国会大厦（资料照片）。图片来源：Wikimedia Commons，Cayambe 摄，CC BY-SA 3.0。Photo: The National Congress buildings in Brasilia (file photo). Source: Wikimedia Commons, by Cayambe, CC BY-SA 3.0.

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