主要开发银行发布关键矿产合作框架 助资源国把加工制造留在国内
据路透社10月17日报道，多家多边开发银行周六公布一份关键矿产合作框架纲要，将加强协作，帮助拥有矿产资源的发展中经济体超越单纯开采环节，把加工、精炼与制造等更高附加值环节留在国内。参与机构包括世界银行、非洲开发银行、亚洲开发银行、欧洲复兴开发银行、欧洲投资银行与美洲开发银行。
框架提出在关键矿产供应链上提供协调支持，涵盖融资、基础设施与政策，目标包括创造就业、提升国内附加值、吸引私人投资并支持低碳转型。各银行计划支持「矿产走廊」建设，把电力、交通、物流、供水与数字基础设施与矿业项目配套推进，并通过联合融资、担保等工具撬动私人资本；同时在环境与社会标准上加强对齐，协调对各国政府的支持。一个多边开发银行工作组将负责协调框架落实，并每年向各银行行长会议报告进展。
本周在曼谷举行的国际货币基金组织与世界银行年会上，世界银行行长阿贾伊·班加已宣布，世行计划五年内将关键矿产业务扩大五倍，其《金属与矿产实施计划》目标在2026至2030财年提供190亿美元融资（上一周期为36亿美元），并已确定20个可开展关键矿产合作的国家，本周与多边伙伴推出了首批国别合作安排。（GSM 据路透社报道）
Major Development Banks Unveil Critical Minerals Framework to Help Resource-Rich Nations Keep More Value at Home
Multilateral development banks will strengthen efforts to help mineral-rich developing economies add more value to their resources by moving beyond extraction into processing, refining and manufacturing, Reuters reported on October 17, citing an outline of a critical minerals collaboration framework published on Saturday. The banks involved include the World Bank, the African Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the European Investment Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank.
The framework calls for coordinated support across critical mineral supply chains, including financing, infrastructure and policy, aimed at creating jobs, boosting domestic value addition, attracting private investment and supporting the low-carbon transition. The banks plan to back mineral corridors that combine power, transport, logistics, water and digital infrastructure with mining projects, while using co-financing, guarantees and other tools to mobilize private capital and strengthen project preparation. They will also align more closely on environmental and social standards. An MDB working group will coordinate implementation and report annually to the Heads of MDBs Group.
At this week's IMF and World Bank annual meetings in Bangkok, World Bank President Ajay Banga announced that the bank plans to quintuple its critical minerals business in five years. Its Metals and Minerals implementation plan targets $19 billion in financing over fiscal 2026-2030, up from $3.6 billion in fiscal 2021-2025, and the bank has identified 20 potential partner countries, launching its first country compacts with MDB partners this week. (GSM, based on Reuters reporting)
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：内华达州一处锂矿作业区（资料照片）。图片来源：Wikimedia Commons，Doc Searls 摄，CC BY 2.0。Photo: A lithium operation in Nevada (file photo). Source: Wikimedia Commons, by Doc Searls, CC BY 2.0.
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