从指引到校规：美国高校加速把AI使用写进正式政策，佛州拟要求公立大学全覆盖
奥斯汀10月4日——据行业媒体Complete AI Training的梳理，美国高校正从发布AI使用「指引」转向制定有约束力的正式政策。佛罗里达州州立大学系统理事会已发出意向通知，拟要求州内公立大学制定覆盖教师与学生披露义务、允许使用范围的AI政策。此前该州40所公立院校中只有8所发布过任何AI指引、仅2所通过正式政策。
德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校已要求每份课程大纲附AI使用声明。麻省理工学院一个委员会的报告则警告「认知投降」现象——学生在遇到困难的第一时间就求助于聊天机器人——并建议采用「先核实」的教学设计：保留草稿、设置阶段性检查点、加入口头答辩环节，而不是依赖AI检测工具判罚。
这一转向与检测工具的争议同步升温。英国南安普顿大学已决定逐步停用Turnitin，原因是拟议中的许可条款可能允许学生作业被用于AI训练；该校表示2026—27学年后不再续约，并正在评估替代方案。教育研究者指出，检测工具对神经多样性、残障与英语非母语学生的误判率更高，是多所学校重估检测依赖的原因之一。
信息来源：Complete AI Training 9月25日对高校AI政策动向的梳理，以及英国Jisc国家AI中心月度简报中关于南安普顿大学的报道。
图片来源：student_ipad_school - 166 — flickingerbrad / CC BY 2.0 (via Openverse)
From Guidance to Binding Rules: U.S. Universities Move to Formal AI Policies, Florida Plans Systemwide Requirement
AUSTIN, Oct. 4 — U.S. universities are shifting from informal AI guidance to binding policy, according to a review by Complete AI Training. Florida's Board of Governors has issued a notice of intent to require public universities to adopt AI policies covering faculty disclosure, student disclosure and permitted uses. Only 8 of the state's 40 public institutions had issued any AI guidance, and just 2 had adopted formal policies.
The University of Texas at Austin now requires an AI statement in every syllabus. An MIT committee report warned of 'cognitive surrender,' in which students reach for a chatbot at the first sign of difficulty, and recommended a verification-first approach built on drafts, checkpoints and oral components rather than reliance on AI detectors.
The shift coincides with growing controversy over detection tools. In Britain, the University of Southampton is phasing out Turnitin because proposed licence changes could let student submissions be used for AI training; it will not renew beyond 2026-27 while it explores alternatives, according to Jisc's National Centre for AI round-up. Researchers note that detection tools disproportionately flag neurodivergent, disabled and English-as-additional-language students, one reason schools are reassessing their dependence on them.
Source: Complete AI Training, Sept. 25, on university AI policy moves; Jisc National Centre for AI monthly round-up on Southampton.
Photo: student_ipad_school - 166 — flickingerbrad / CC BY 2.0 (via Openverse)
图片来源：student_ipad_school - 166 — flickingerbrad / CC BY 2.0 (via Openverse)
