兰德评估加州退伍军人自立支持试点：三年仅3.6%参与者负面退出 急诊就诊减少75%
兰德公司（RAND）10月1日发布对加州「退伍军人自立支持试点」（Veteran Support to Self-Reliance，简称VSSR）的评估报告。该试点由加州退伍军人事务厅（CalVet）与非营利组织「化剑为犁」（Swords to Plowshares）于2023年推出，在支持性住房中嵌入职业治疗师等临床人员，帮助有行为健康需求的退伍军人稳定居住并走向独立生活。
评估显示，试点在全州13个住房点共接纳560名退伍军人，超过原定425人的目标；三年内仅有20人负面退出、占3.6%，远低于同类支持性住房项目常见的两成至四成。项目强调不以居民达到某些临床或行为指标为继续居住的条件。
参与者的健康与生活指标明显改善：跌倒减少59%，急诊就诊减少75%，错过医疗预约减少54%，无人陪伴的需求减少87%。兰德报告建议，该模式可供加州其他支持性住房项目借鉴，同时应优化参与者转介流程并加强临床人员配置。
RAND: California Veterans Self-Reliance Pilot Keeps Residents Housed, Cuts ER Visits 75%
A RAND Corporation evaluation released on October 1 found strong results for California's Veteran Support to Self-Reliance (VSSR) pilot, launched in 2023 by the California Department of Veterans Affairs (CalVet) with the nonprofit Swords to Plowshares. The pilot embeds clinicians such as occupational therapists in supportive housing to help veterans with behavioral health needs live independently.
Across 13 housing sites statewide, the program enrolled 560 veterans — above its 425-person goal — and only 20 participants (3.6%) exited negatively over three years, far below the 20% to 40% typical of comparable supportive housing programs. Participants were not required to meet clinical or behavioral benchmarks to keep their housing.
Health and daily-life measures improved markedly: falls fell 59%, emergency department visits dropped 75%, missed appointments declined 54%, and unmet needs for companionship fell 87%. RAND recommended the model as a template for other California supportive housing programs, alongside a more systematic referral process and stronger clinical staffing.
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：位于洛杉矶县艾尔蒙特市的退伍军人支持性住房社区（资料图，美国海军陆战队，公共领域）
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
