美欧达成贸易框架协议 欧盟多数商品面临15%关税
2025年7月27日，特朗普总统与欧盟委员会主席 Ursula von der Leyen 在苏格兰 Turnberry 会晤后宣布，美国与欧盟达成贸易框架协议：美国对欧盟多数商品征收15%关税，欧盟承诺购买7,500亿美元美国能源并增加6,000亿美元对美投资，原定8月1日生效的30%关税威胁就此避免。
按两人在会晤后公布的口径，15%的税率涵盖汽车、半导体与药品等欧盟主要输美商品。双方同时同意对一批战略产品实行零对零关税，包括全部航空器及零部件、某些化学品、某些仿制药、半导体设备、部分农产品、自然资源与关键原材料。特朗普说，钢铁与铝不在这份框架之内，其关税维持现状。
能源与投资方面，冯德莱恩在会晤后的记者会上说，7,500亿美元的美国能源购买安排在接下来三年内执行，有助于欧盟减少对俄罗斯天然气的依赖；6,000亿美元是欧盟在现有基础上增加的对美投资。
特朗普称这份协议是双方达成的最大协议，冯德莱恩称它经过艰难谈判、能给大西洋两岸的企业带来稳定与可预期性。两人当时都说明，这是一份框架协议，细节要在接下来数周内谈定落实。
（来源：白宫）
U.S. and EU Reach Trade Framework Setting a 15 Percent Tariff on Most European Goods
On July 27, 2025, President Donald Trump and European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen announced at Turnberry, Scotland, that the United States and the European Union had reached a trade framework agreement: most European goods entering the United States will face a 15 percent tariff, the EU committed to buy $750 billion worth of U.S. energy and to invest $600 billion more in the United States, and the threatened 30 percent tariff that had been set to take effect on August 1 was averted.
Under the terms the two leaders announced after their meeting, the 15 percent rate covers major EU exports including automobiles, semiconductors and pharmaceuticals. The two sides also agreed on zero-for-zero tariffs on a range of strategic products, including all aircraft and component parts, certain chemicals, certain generic drugs, semiconductor equipment, some agricultural products, natural resources and critical raw materials. Trump said steel and aluminum were not included in the framework and that their tariffs would stay as they were.
On energy and investment, von der Leyen told reporters after the meeting that the $750 billion in U.S. energy purchases would be spread over the next three years and would help the bloc ease its dependence on Russian natural gas, and that the $600 billion was investment the EU would add on top of its current investment in the United States.
Trump called the agreement the biggest deal ever made, and von der Leyen said it followed tough negotiations and would bring stability and predictability for businesses on both sides of the Atlantic. Both leaders said at the time that it was a framework whose details were still to be worked out in the following weeks.
(Source: The White House)
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：2025年7月27日，特朗普总统在苏格兰 Turnberry 与欧盟委员会主席 Ursula von der Leyen 会晤，冯德莱恩在会上发言、特朗普在旁聆听；双方当天宣布美欧贸易框架协议。白宫官方照片，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: President Donald Trump meets European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen at Turnberry, Scotland, on July 27, 2025, as von der Leyen speaks and Trump listens; the two sides announced the U.S.-EU trade framework that day. Official White House photo, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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