被困太空286天的两名宇航员回家了：Crew-9四人组溅落佛州外海
2025年3月18日，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的SpaceX Crew-9任务完成国际空间站第九次商业乘员轮换任务：搭载四名乘员的SpaceX「龙」飞船于美东时间下午5时57分，在佛罗里达州塔拉哈西市外海的美国湾海面安全溅落。其中，美国宇航员 Suni Williams 与 Butch Wilmore 在太空停留了286天后终于回到地球。
四名乘员是NASA宇航员 Nick Hague、Suni Williams、Butch Wilmore，以及俄罗斯国家航天集团宇航员 Aleksandr Gorbunov。SpaceX回收船上的团队打捞起飞船与乘员；乘员上岸后将飞往位于得克萨斯州休斯顿的NASA约翰逊航天中心，与家人团聚。
NASA代理局长 Janet Petro 说：「我们非常高兴 Suni、Butch、Nick 与 Aleksandr 在空间站执行了数月的重要科学、技术演示与维护任务后回到家中。」她表示，按照特朗普总统的指示，NASA与SpaceX努力把返回时间表提前了约一个月。
四名乘员于美东时间3月18日凌晨1时05分脱离空间站，开始返程。Williams与Wilmore在此次任务中飞行了121,347,491英里，在太空停留286天，绕地球4576圈；Hague与Gorbunov飞行了72,553,920英里，在太空停留171天，绕地球2736圈。
Williams与Wilmore的旅程格外漫长：两人于2024年6月5日乘波音「星际客机」飞船从佛罗里达州卡纳维拉尔角太空军基地41号发射场升空，执行波音载人飞行测试，次日抵达空间站。2024年8月，NASA宣布「星际客机」无人返回地球，并将两人编入空间站远征71/72队伍，改乘Crew-9返回。Hague与Gorbunov则于2024年9月28日乘SpaceX猎鹰9号火箭升空，次日对接空间站和谐号节点舱。
任务期间，Williams完成了两次太空行走，累计太空行走时长达到62小时6分，创下女性宇航员太空行走总时长纪录，列历史第四。美方乘员共完成了150多项科学实验与技术演示、900多小时研究，包括植物生长、干细胞技术以及空间站外微生物存活样本采集等。
执行本次溅落的「龙」飞船名为「自由号」（Freedom），这是它的第四次飞行，此前曾执行Crew-4与两期公理任务。飞船将返回佛罗里达州接受检查处理，为下一次飞行做准备。Crew-9返回前，Crew-10已于3月16日对接空间站，开启新一期长期科学远征。
（来源：美国国家航空航天局）
After 286 Days in Space, Two Astronauts Are Home: Crew-9 Splashes Down Off Florida
On March 18, 2025, NASA's SpaceX Crew-9 completed the agency's ninth commercial crew rotation mission to the International Space Station, splashing down safely in a SpaceX Dragon spacecraft off the coast of Tallahassee, Florida, in the Gulf of America at 5:57 p.m. EDT. Among the four crew members returning were NASA astronauts Suni Williams and Butch Wilmore, who came home after 286 days in space.
The crew consisted of NASA astronauts Nick Hague, Suni Williams, and Butch Wilmore, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Aleksandr Gorbunov. Teams aboard SpaceX recovery vessels retrieved the spacecraft and its crew; after returning to shore, the crew was to fly to NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, and reunite with their families.
"We are thrilled to have Suni, Butch, Nick, and Aleksandr home after their months-long mission conducting vital science, technology demonstrations, and maintenance aboard the International Space Station," said NASA acting Administrator Janet Petro. She said that, per President Trump's direction, NASA and SpaceX had worked diligently to pull the return schedule a month earlier.
The crew of four undocked from the station at 1:05 a.m. EDT on March 18 to begin the trip home. Williams and Wilmore traveled 121,347,491 miles during their mission, spent 286 days in space, and completed 4,576 orbits around Earth. Hague and Gorbunov traveled 72,553,920 miles, spent 171 days in space, and completed 2,736 orbits.
Williams and Wilmore's journey was exceptionally long: the two launched aboard Boeing's Starliner spacecraft on June 5, 2024, from Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida as part of the agency's Boeing Crew Flight Test, arriving at the station on June 6. In August 2024, NASA announced the uncrewed return of Starliner to Earth and integrated Wilmore and Williams into the station's Expedition 71/72 crew for a return on Crew-9. Hague and Gorbunov lifted off on September 28, 2024, on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket and docked to the station's Harmony module the next day.
During the mission, Williams conducted two spacewalks and now holds the record for total spacewalking time by a female astronaut, with 62 hours and 6 minutes outside the station, ranking fourth on the all-time list. The American crew members conducted more than 150 unique scientific experiments and technology demonstrations, totaling over 900 hours of research, including plant growth studies, stem cell technology, and sampling the station's exterior to study whether microorganisms can survive in space.
The Crew-9 mission was the fourth flight of the Dragon spacecraft named Freedom, which previously supported Crew-4 and two Axiom missions. The spacecraft was to return to Florida for inspection and processing ahead of its next flight. Crew-9's return followed the arrival of Crew-10, which docked to the station on March 16 to begin another long-duration science expedition.
(Source: NASA)
来源：美国国家航空航天局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：2025年3月18日，搭载Crew-9四名乘员的SpaceX「龙」飞船在降落伞下缓缓下降，准备溅落于佛罗里达州塔拉哈西外海，海面上有回收船只待命（照片：NASA／Keegan Barber，公共领域，Wikimedia Commons）。 / Photo: The SpaceX Dragon spacecraft carrying the Crew-9 crew descends under its parachutes toward splashdown off Tallahassee, Florida, on March 18, 2025, as recovery boats stand by (photo: NASA/Keegan Barber, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons).
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