司法部与明尼阿波利斯达成警务改革协议：市警局接受法院监督整改
美国司法部2025年1月6日宣布，已与明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市及该市警察局达成一项可由法院强制执行的和解协议，以纠正司法部调查认定的该市警务中长期存在的违宪与违法做法。协议当天提交明尼苏达联邦地区法院，须经法官批准后生效；明尼阿波利斯市议会同日以12票对0票批准协议条款。
司法部的调查结论于2023年6月公布：明尼阿波利斯市及市警局存在「模式或惯例」性的行为，包括过度使用武力、对非裔与原住民居民的种族歧视性执法、侵犯公众的第一修正案权利，以及歧视患有行为健康障碍的人士，违反宪法第一、第四、第十四修正案与《美国残障法》等联邦反歧视法律。调查由司法部民权司特别诉讼处与明尼苏达联邦检察官办公室共同完成。
协议为该市与市警局列出改革路线图，要求包括：防止过度使用武力、停止种族歧视性执法、改善警员与青少年的互动、保护公众的第一修正案权利、防止歧视行为健康障碍人士、促进警员与雇员福祉，并加强监督与问责。协议指定 Effective Law Enforcement For All 团队担任独立监督员，评估整改执行情况。
司法部民权司助理司法部长 Kristen Clarke 当天表示：「所有目光仍注视着明尼阿波利斯。有了这份和解协议，我们现在有了一份能帮助这个社区疗愈的改革路线图。」明尼阿波利斯市长 Jacob Frey 表示：「很明显，我们必须现在就行动。」
这场调查始于2021年4月21日，即前警员 Derek Chauvin 被判杀害 George Floyd 罪成的次日；Floyd 2020年在明尼阿波利斯被杀引发全美抗议。明尼阿波利斯由此成为拜登政府司法部启动十余起警局调查以来，第二个达成此类法院监督协议的城市。司法部定于1月14日晚举行线上社区说明会，向公众介绍协议内容。
（来源：美国司法部）
Justice Department Reaches Court-Enforceable Police Reform Agreement with Minneapolis
The U.S. Department of Justice announced on January 6, 2025, that it had entered into a court-enforceable consent decree with the City of Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Minneapolis Police Department to resolve the Department's findings of unconstitutional and unlawful policing practices. The decree was filed the same day in the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota and is subject to a judge's approval; the Minneapolis City Council voted 12 to 0 the same day to approve its terms.
The Department's investigation, whose findings were announced in June 2023, concluded that the city and its police department engage in a pattern or practice of conduct that includes excessive force, racially discriminatory policing against Black and Native American residents, violations of the public's First Amendment rights, and discrimination against people with behavioral health disabilities, in violation of the First, Fourth, and Fourteenth Amendments and federal anti-discrimination laws including the Americans with Disabilities Act. The investigation was conducted by the Civil Rights Division's Special Litigation Section and the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Minnesota.
The decree sets out a reform roadmap requiring the city and the department to prevent excessive force; stop racially discriminatory policing; improve officers' interactions with youth; protect the public's First Amendment rights; prevent discrimination against people with behavioral health disabilities; promote the well-being of officers and employees; and enhance supervision and accountability. It names the Effective Law Enforcement For All team as independent monitor to assess implementation.
"All eyes remain on Minneapolis, and with this consent decree, we now have a road map for reform that will help this community heal," said Assistant Attorney General Kristen Clarke of the Civil Rights Division. Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey said, "It was clear that we needed to act now."
The investigation began on April 21, 2021, a day after former officer Derek Chauvin was convicted of murdering George Floyd, whose 2020 killing in Minneapolis set off nationwide protests. Minneapolis became the second city to reach such a court-supervised agreement among more than a dozen police department investigations opened by the Biden administration's Justice Department. The Department scheduled a virtual community meeting for the evening of January 14 to present the decree to the public.
(Source: U.S. Department of Justice)
来源：美国司法部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：明尼阿波利斯市政厅。（McGhiever 摄，CC BY 2.5，经 Wikimedia Commons） / Photo: Minneapolis City Hall. (Photo by McGhiever, CC BY 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons)
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
