日本将出资最高210亿美元在纽约州建两座芯片厂 格芯运营、美国政府增持格芯至约7%
据路透社10月14日报道，芯片代工企业格芯（GlobalFoundries）当天宣布，日本将出资最高210亿美元，在美国纽约州兴建两座芯片工厂；新厂将由美国政府与日方利益共同持有，并由格芯负责运营。
这笔投资是日本对美投资安排的一部分：特朗普政府去年与日方达成协议，日本承诺对美投资5,500亿美元，美国则把对日本汽车及其他进口商品的关税从至少25%下调至15%。格芯表示，美国将持有新厂股份，但全部投资资金由日方提供；格芯将通过承建、运营工厂以及授权芯片制造技术获得费用收入。
在另一项安排下，美国政府将增持格芯4%的股份，使美方对格芯的总持股比例升至约7%。格芯首席执行官蒂姆·布林对路透表示，格芯将负责维护客户关系，新厂的首批客户包括日本瑞萨电子和苹果公司；他表示，公司希望优先供应美国和日本客户，其他国家和地区的客户预计也将进入需求名单，具体分配将在宣布后逐步敲定。
格芯总部位于纽约州马耳他，其大股东为阿布扎比主权财富基金穆巴达拉投资公司。消息公布后，格芯股价在早盘交易中上涨逾4%，年内累计涨幅已超过33%。路透指出，日本迄今已在该投资框架下宣布两批合计逾1,000亿美元的项目；按安排，获资助项目由特朗普挑选，项目产生的可分配现金流先由美日对半分，达到特定额度后九成归美方。
Japan to Invest Up to $21 Billion in Two New York Chip Plants Run by GlobalFoundries; U.S. to Raise Its Stake in the Chipmaker to About 7%
Japan will invest up to $21 billion in two chip factories in New York state that will be jointly owned by the U.S. government and Japanese interests and operated by GlobalFoundries, the contract chipmaker said on Wednesday, Reuters reported on October 14.
The investment is part of Japan's $550 billion U.S. investment commitment struck with President Donald Trump's administration last year, in return for the United States lowering tariffs on Japanese cars and other imports from at least 25% to 15%. The U.S. will take a stake in the new factories, but Japan will provide all of the investment capital, GlobalFoundries said. The company will earn fees from building and operating the factories, as well as from licensing its chip manufacturing technology to them.
In a separate agreement, the U.S. government will take an additional 4% stake in GlobalFoundries, bringing its total ownership of the chipmaker to about 7%, Chief Executive Tim Breen told Reuters. Breen said GlobalFoundries would manage customer relationships, and that initial customers for the New York factories include Japan's Renesas Electronics and Apple. "We definitely would like to give priority to U.S. and Japanese customers," he said.
GlobalFoundries, headquartered in Malta, New York, is majority-owned by Abu Dhabi's sovereign wealth fund Mubadala Investment Co. Its shares rose more than 4% in early trading on Wednesday and have gained more than 33% this year. Japan has so far announced two batches of projects worth over $100 billion combined under the investment scheme; under the arrangement, projects are selected by Trump, and available free cash flows from the investments will be split evenly between the two countries until a specific allocation is reached, after which 90% will go to the United States.
图片来源：图：格芯（GlobalFoundries）位于德国德累斯顿的晶圆厂航拍（资料图）。Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 3.0
