印尼迎 11 年来最严重野火季：已部署逾 6.9 万名消防人员，烟霾波及新加坡与东帝汶
据路透社 10 月 14 日报道，印度尼西亚正应对 11 年来最严重的野火季，与厄尔尼诺相关的干旱天气助长了火势。总统普拉博沃已下令增派资源扑灭野火。政治与安全事务统筹部官员霍尼·哈瓦那（Honi Havana）在周三的记者会上表示："我们正在动员我们的全部资源与能力。"他说，印尼已部署超过 6.9 万名消防人员，高于 9 月中旬的约 4.4 万人，当局还在试用以特殊化学品更有效灭火的新方法。
国家抗灾署发言人贝尔通·潘贾伊坦（Berton Panjaitan）表示，泥炭地火灾在地表之下缓慢阴燃，随时可能复燃，扑救困难。他说："我们必须认识到，解决这一问题的唯一办法是持续降雨。"
野火产生的烟霾已波及整个地区。新加坡西部地区的一小时 PM2.5 读数周三最高达每立方米 284 微克，为今年最高，并首次在本轮烟霾期间进入新加坡国家环境局的"非常高"区间；作为对照，2015年 10 月印尼野火曾使新加坡西部 PM2.5 升至每立方米 471 微克的全国纪录。东帝汶政府发表声明称，因"邻近地区或国家的野火造成的污染颗粒物"，将从 10 月 15 日起暂停面授教学三天；该国与印尼东努沙登加拉省同处一岛，当地已报告多处火点。马来西亚数个州也已被迫关闭学校，印尼国内呼吸系统疾病病例激增。
地区层面的批评声浪随之上升。东南亚国家外长下月将在东盟会议上讨论跨界烟霾问题。马来西亚国会议员赛沙迪周二在议会呼吁东南亚国家就雅加达未能充分控制火势发出外交抗议，并称马来西亚与新加坡的银行应切断与涉及焚烧土地的公司之间的融资联系。
Indonesia Deploys Over 69,000 Firefighters as Worst Wildfire Season in 11 Years Intensifies
Indonesia has been battling its most intense wildfire season in 11 years, fuelled by El Niño-related dry weather conditions, Reuters reported on October 14. President Prabowo Subianto has ordered additional resources to be deployed to combat the wildfires. "We are mobilising all our resources and capabilities," said Honi Havana, an official at the Coordinating Ministry for Political and Security Affairs, during a Wednesday press briefing. He said Jakarta has deployed more than 69,000 firefighting personnel, up from around 44,000 in mid-September, and is also testing new methods to put out fires more effectively using special chemicals.
Authorities have been struggling with peatland fires, which smoulder slowly beneath the surface and can re-emerge at any time, said disaster mitigation agency spokesperson Berton Panjaitan. "We must recognise that the only way to resolve this is through sustained rainfall,"he said.
The haze has spread across the region. Singapore's one-hour PM2.5 reading hit a high of 284 micrograms per cubic metre in the western part of the island state on Wednesday, its highest level this year and the first entry into the National Environment Agency's "very high" band during the current haze period; in October 2015, Indonesian wildfires brought PM2.5 levels in western Singapore to a national record of 471 micrograms per cubic metre. The East Timor government said it was suspending face-to-face learning for three days starting October 15 due to contamination by pollutant particles from wildfires in neighbouring regions or countries; East Timor shares an island with Indonesia's East Nusa Tenggara province, where a number of hotspots have been reported. Several states in Malaysia have also been forced to shut schools, and respiratory illnesses have spiked in Indonesia.
Criticism of Indonesia has continued to mount across the region, as Southeast Asian foreign ministers prepare to discuss transboundary haze at an ASEAN meeting next month. On Tuesday, Malaysian lawmaker Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman called on Southeast Asian nations to lodge a diplomatic protest against Jakarta for failing to do enough to control the fires, and said Malaysian and Singaporean banks should cut off financing to companies linked to land burning.
图片来源：卫星拍摄的印度尼西亚野火分布影像（2026年8月29日，示意）。图片来源：Wikimedia Commons，NOAA-20 卫星 VIIRS 影像，公共领域
