能源部签发中大西洋电网紧急命令：PJM获令调度机组并可动用备用发电，覆盖13州及华盛顿特区
美国能源部 10 月 12 日签发紧急命令（命令编号 202-26-50），指示电网运营商 PJM 互联公司（PJM Interconnection）调度指定发电机组，并按维持电网可靠运行的需要令其发电；命令同时授权 PJM 在发布三级能源紧急警报（EEA 3）之前或警报期间，作为最后手段，调用备用发电资源投入运行。命令有效期为 10 月 13 日至 16 日。
这道命令依据《联邦电力法》第 202(c) 条签发，源于 PJM 在 10 月 11 日提交的紧急申请。PJM 预测，10 月 13 日其辖区用电需求将达到约 111,500 兆瓦或更高；同期预计约 61,591 兆瓦发电能力因秋季计划检修及其他原因停运，多条输电线路的计划停运还造成北电南送、西电东送的输送限制。PJM 预计，10 月 14 日系统距备用裕度下限将只剩约 900 兆瓦。能源部估计，全美尚有超过 35,000 兆瓦未动用的备用发电能力可供调用；命令授权动用的备用资源，包括数据中心及其他大型工商业用户自备的发电机与电池储能。
秋季本是发电机组集中检修的窗口期，今年秋季异常偏暖的天气又推高了用电需求，需求、检修与输电停运三者叠加，使系统裕度收窄。PJM 已就 10 月 13 日发布「最大发电警报」和「负荷管理警报」，并表示警报不要求用户采取任何行动；供电压力最集中的区域包括巴尔的摩燃气电力公司（BGE）、Pepco 与 Dominion Energy 的供电区，主要涉及马里兰州、弗吉尼亚州、北卡罗来纳州及华盛顿都会区。能源部强调，这是一项预防性措施，目的是降低停电风险，并非发布停电预警；命令出台也不意味着备用发电已经被调用，或已经发生用户停电。
能源部长克里斯·赖特在宣布命令时表示，这道命令将为中大西洋地区数百万家庭和企业在需要时提供额外的发电能力，包括备用电源：「本届政府仍致力于用尽一切可用工具防止停电。」
PJM 是美国最大的区域电网运营商，负责协调 13 个州全部或部分地区以及华盛顿特区的电力批发供应与输电调度，覆盖特拉华、伊利诺伊、印第安纳、肯塔基、马里兰、密歇根、新泽西、北卡罗来纳、俄亥俄、宾夕法尼亚、田纳西、弗吉尼亚和西弗吉尼亚，服务约 6,500 万人口。《联邦电力法》第 202(c) 条授权能源部长在认定出现突发性供电短缺等紧急状态时，命令发电与输电设施临时连接与运行。今年 6 月夏季高温期间，赖特曾就同一地区签发过两道同类紧急命令。
（来源：美国能源部官网 202-26-50 号命令及新闻稿，2026 年 10 月 12 日）
DOE Issues Emergency Order for Mid-Atlantic Grid: PJM Directed to Dispatch Units, May Tap Backup Power Across 13 States and D.C.
The U.S. Department of Energy on Oct. 12 issued an emergency order (Order No. 202-26-50) directing grid operator PJM Interconnection, L.L.C. to dispatch specified generating units and to order their operation as needed to maintain grid reliability. The order also authorizes PJM, as a last resort before declaring an Energy Emergency Alert 3 (EEA 3) or during an EEA 3, to direct backup generation resources to operate. The order is effective Oct. 13 through Oct. 16, 2026.
The order was issued under Section 202(c) of the Federal Power Act, following an application PJM submitted on Oct. 11. PJM forecast that demand across its territory would reach about 111,500 MW or higher on Oct. 13, while roughly 61,591 MW of generation was expected to be unavailable because of planned autumn maintenance and other outages, and planned transmission outages were set to limit north-to-south and west-to-east power transfers. PJM expected the system to come within about 900 MW of its reserve margin on Oct. 14. DOE estimates that more than 35,000 MW (35 GW) of unused backup generation remains available nationwide; the backup resources covered by the order include generators and batteries at data centers and other large commercial and industrial facilities.
Autumn is the traditional season for scheduled generator maintenance, and unusually warm fall weather this year has lifted demand at the same time, squeezing reserve margins. PJM issued a Maximum Generation Alert and a Load Management Alert for Oct. 13 and said the alerts require no action from customers. The tightest conditions were expected in the service territories of Baltimore Gas and Electric (BGE), Pepco and Dominion Energy, covering much of Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. DOE stressed that the order is a preventive measure intended to reduce blackout risk, not a warning that blackouts are expected; the order does not mean backup generation has already been dispatched or that any customer outages have occurred.
Secretary of Energy Chris Wright said the order makes additional generation, including backup power, available as needed for millions of families and businesses across the Mid-Atlantic, adding that the administration "remains committed to using every available tool to prevent blackouts."
PJM is the largest regional grid operator in the United States, coordinating wholesale power supplies and transmission across all or parts of 13 states — Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia — plus the District of Columbia, serving about 65 million people. Section 202(c) of the Federal Power Act authorizes the Secretary of Energy to order the temporary connection and operation of generating and transmission facilities upon finding a sudden emergency shortage of electricity. Wright issued two similar orders for the same region during a summer heat wave in June.
(Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Order No. 202-26-50 and news release, Oct. 12, 2026)
图片来源：输电线路资料图，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 4.0，Matthew T Rader 摄
