美军天主教总主教布罗利奥声明：被指派参加行刑队的天主教军人须申请免除
华盛顿10月12日——据路透社、美联社与 CNN 报道，负责为美军天主教官兵提供牧灵服务的美国军中服务总教区总主教蒂莫西·布罗利奥（Timothy P. Broglio）10月12日（周一）发表声明，要求被指派参加行刑队的天主教军人申请免除该项任务，称参与处决违背教会教导。这是五角大楼拟直播胡德堡枪手处决引发的争议中，美国教会迄今最直接的一次介入。
事件背景：前陆军精神科医生尼达尔·马利克·哈桑（Nidal Malik Hasan）2009年11月5日在德克萨斯州胡德堡（Fort Hood）基地开枪，造成13人死亡、30余人受伤，2013年被军事法庭判处死刑，现年56岁、需使用轮椅。陆军已定于12月3日在胡德堡以行刑队方式执行；国防部长赫格塞斯（Pete Hegseth）上周宣布拟全程直播，称公开执行可起震慑作用。据路透社报道，特朗普总统已批准枪决方式，但表示是否直播由其最终决定。若按计划执行，这将是美军自1945年以来首次以行刑队处决、1961年以来首次执行军方死刑；据死刑问题专家，美国政府的处决从未被广播或直播过。
布罗利奥在声明中先向遇难者家属表达慰问——他曾亲自主持袭击中唯一平民遇难者迈克尔·格兰特·卡希尔（Michael Grant Cahill）的葬礼。他同时质疑把处决做成公开景观的必要性，并提出直播对年轻观众的影响等问题。据《今日美国》报道，布罗利奥10月12日先在罗马会见了教宗良十四世，随后发布这份声明；教宗上周末已公开重申教会反对死刑的立场。五角大楼10月13日对布罗利奥的声明不予置评。
后续安排方面，路透社指出，美军条例允许军人申请宗教豁免或相应便利安排，而陆军目前尚未公布行刑队成员将如何遴选。布罗利奥自2007年起担任军中服务总教区总主教，并曾任美国天主教主教团主席。GSM 此前报道，主教团现任主席科克利（Paul S. Coakley）总主教10月9日已发表声明谴责直播决定；与主教团的公开谴责不同，布罗利奥此次是直接向其牧灵范围内的天主教军人提出免除要求。
来源：路透社（10月12日）、美联社、CNN 与《今日美国》（10月13日）报道。
U.S. Military Archbishop Broglio: Catholic Soldiers Assigned to Firing Squad Must Request to Be Excused
WASHINGTON, Oct. 12 — Archbishop Timothy P. Broglio, who heads the Archdiocese for the Military Services and oversees pastoral care for Catholics in the U.S. armed forces, said in a statement on Monday, October 12, that any Catholic service member assigned to a firing squad should request to be excused from the duty, which he described as contrary to the teaching of the Church, according to Reuters, the Associated Press and CNN. It is the most direct intervention yet by the U.S. Church in the dispute over the Pentagon's plan to livestream the execution of the Fort Hood shooter.
Nidal Malik Hasan, a former Army psychiatrist, opened fire at Fort Hood in Texas on November 5, 2009, killing 13 people and wounding more than 30 others. He was sentenced to death by a military court in 2013. Hasan, now 56, uses a wheelchair. The Army has scheduled his execution by firing squad for December 3 at Fort Hood. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth announced last week that the execution would be livestreamed, arguing that a public execution would serve as a deterrent. According to Reuters, President Donald Trump has approved the firing-squad method but has said he will make the final decision on whether the livestream goes ahead. If carried out as planned, it would be the first U.S. military execution by firing squad since 1945 and the first military execution of any kind since 1961; according to death-penalty experts, a U.S. government execution has never been broadcast or livestreamed.
In his statement, Broglio first expressed sympathy to the victims' families; he had presided at the funeral of Michael Grant Cahill, the only civilian killed in the attack. He questioned the purpose of turning the execution into a public spectacle and raised concerns including the effect of a broadcast on young viewers. According to USA Today, Broglio met Pope Leo XIV in Rome on October 12 shortly before the statement was released; the pope had publicly restated the Church's opposition to the death penalty over the weekend. The Pentagon declined to comment on Broglio's statement on October 13.
On next steps, Reuters noted that Army regulations allow soldiers to request religious exemptions or accommodations, and that the Army has not yet said how members of the firing squad will be selected. Broglio has served as Archbishop for the Military Services since 2007 and is a former president of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops. As GSM previously reported, the conference's current president, Archbishop Paul S. Coakley, condemned the livestream decision in a statement on October 9; Broglio's move goes a step further, directing the request for excusal to the Catholic personnel within his own pastoral charge.
Source: Reuters (October 12); Associated Press, CNN and USA Today (October 13).
图片来源：布罗利奥总主教2015年在韩国乌山空军基地教堂接受采访，美国空军照片（Senior Airman Kristin High 摄），公共领域（Wikimedia Commons）
