中欧混动磋商细则浮现：商务部称对欧配额不低于其他来源、将以2025年为基数上调（跟进）
中国商务部周一表示，中国与欧盟已就混合动力汽车和电动汽车贸易、以及平衡双边经贸关切举行“密集磋商”，并公布了混动汽车出口配额机制的三项安排，为上周欧方宣布的“共同谅解”补上了中方版本的执行细则。
据商务部声明：其一，分配给中国的混动汽车出口配额不低于分配给其他进口来源的配额；其二，欧方措施不得专门针对中国产品、不得歧视中国企业；其三，双方同意以2025年数据为基础，提高混动汽车的出口配额，以保障中国企业的贸易机会和稳定增长。
这与欧方上周的表述形成耐人寻味的对照。欧盟贸易委员谢夫乔维奇10月9日在北京与商务部部长王文涛等官员会谈两天后宣布，双方达成“共同谅解”，中国将放缓对欧混动与插混汽车出口，相关进口四年内可能减少一半以上、达数百万辆；共识还包括改善欧盟企业在华市场准入、中方放宽稀土出口许可。欧方当时没有公布执行细节，欧盟领导人定于本周四在布鲁塞尔峰会上讨论这一成果。
同一项安排，布鲁塞尔强调的是“放缓与减量”，北京强调的是“配额公平与基数上调”——最终落地数字如何，还有待配额机制的具体文本。
更大的背景是欧盟2024年10月起对中国产纯电动汽车加征反补贴关税（在10%基础关税之上按车企分别征收、最高35.3%），以及双方围绕“价格承诺”替代关税的长期谈判。本次细则集中在混动汽车，纯电关税这一核心争议仍无突破。中国是全球最大电动车生产国，欧洲是中国车企最重要的海外市场之一，配额机制的走向将直接影响比亚迪、上汽、吉利等车企的对欧布局，也被视为观察中国车企未来进入北美市场前景的风向标。
资料来源：据路透社2026年10月12日报道（经The Business Standard转载）；GSM 10月10日已发欧方口径稿。
China-EU Hybrid Talks Take Shape: Beijing Says Its EU Quota Will Match Others and Rise From 2025 Base (Follow-up)
China's commerce ministry on Monday said China and the EU had held "intensive consultations" on hybrid and electric vehicle trade and on balancing bilateral trade concerns, laying out three arrangements for a hybrid-car export quota mechanism — Beijing's version of the implementation details for last week's EU-announced "shared understanding."
Under the arrangements announced by the ministry: first, the hybrid export quota allocated to China will not be lower than quotas allocated to other import sources; second, EU measures must not specifically target Chinese products or discriminate against Chinese firms; third, both sides agreed to increase hybrid export quotas based on 2025 figures, to ensure opportunities and stable growth for Chinese enterprises.
The statement contrasts with the EU's framing on October 9, when Trade Commissioner Maros Sefcovic, after two days of talks in Beijing with Commerce Minister Wang Wentao and other officials, announced a "shared understanding" under which China would moderate hybrid and plug-in hybrid exports to Europe — potentially cutting them by more than half over four years, amounting to millions of vehicles — alongside improved EU access to China's market and eased Chinese rare-earth export licensing. No implementation details were given at the time, and EU leaders are set to discuss the outcome at Thursday's Brussels summit.
The same arrangement, framed differently: Brussels emphasizes "slowdown and reduction," Beijing emphasizes "quota fairness and a higher base" — the final numbers await the quota mechanism's specific text.
The broader backdrop is the EU's anti-subsidy duties on Chinese-made battery-electric vehicles in place since October 2024 (levied on top of the 10% base tariff, varying by automaker up to 35.3%), plus long-running talks on "price undertakings" as an alternative to tariffs. This round of details focuses on hybrids; the core dispute over EV tariffs remains unresolved. China is the world's largest EV producer, and Europe is the most important overseas market for Chinese automakers — the quota mechanism's direction will directly shape BYD, SAIC and Geely's European plans, and is seen as a bellwether for Chinese automakers' future prospects in North America.
Sources: Reuters, October 12, 2026 (via The Business Standard); GSM published the EU-side version on October 10.
图片来源：欧盟委员会总部 Berlaymont 大楼（布鲁塞尔），CC BY 4.0（Wikimedia Commons）
