波特兰定下硬指标：两年内游民人数降 10%，安置 1.2 万人
游民应对行动计划（Homelessness Response Action Plan）指导与监督委员会 9 月底通过一项计划：到 2028 年将游民人数减少 10%，安置超过 1.2 万人。官方估算，考虑到新增游民与重返街头的人数，需要完成约 12,350 次安置才能达标，目标是把接受游民服务的人数降到约 1.3 万人。目前蒙诺玛县在过去 30 到 60 天内接受过游民服务的人数约为 1.45 万人。
委员会的五名投票成员包括波特兰市长基思·威尔逊（Keith Wilson）、蒙诺玛县主席杰西卡·维加·佩德森（Jessica Vega Pederson）、县委员香农·辛格尔顿（Shannon Singleton）、格雷沙姆市长特拉维斯·斯托瓦尔（Travis Stovall）和波特兰市议员埃里克·齐默尔曼（Eric Zimmerman）。威尔逊是唯一投反对票的投票成员，认为 10% 的目标不够雄心；波特兰市议员丹·瑞安也表示自己会投反对票，认为目标低估了危机对居民和本地经济的影响。
计划还包括：无庇护游民减少 8%、延长高行为健康需求者在支持性住房中的居住时间、为收入在地区中位数 30% 及以下的人群提供更多可负担住房。但资金存在重大不确定性：今年预算中约 3500 万美元的庇护与安置经费是一次性拨款，明年能否续上还是未知数，州或联邦拨款减少都可能让目标落空。游民服务机构 Transition Projects 执行董事托尼·伯纳尔直言："没有资源策略的数字目标是愿望，不是计划。"
按委员会的测算，两年安置 1.2 万人需要比过去两年的安置速度提升 27%。县府数据显示，2024 财年接受临时租金补助的人群中，80% 在补助结束两年后仍有房可住；入住带综合服务的永久住房者中，这一比例为 84%。这项计划标志着当地从"几年内消除游民"的口号，转向可量化的减量目标——能否兑现，取决于地方政府能不能找到钱、留住人。信息来源：The Portland Focal。
Portland-Area Leaders Set Two-Year Target: Cut Homelessness 10%, House 12,000
PORTLAND -- Portland-area leaders have set a goal of reducing homelessness by 10% over the next two years, replacing sweeping promises to end the crisis with a target tied to housing placements, data and available funding.
The plan, adopted in late September by the five-member Steering and Oversight Committee of the Homelessness Response Action Plan, calls for housing more than 12,000 people by 2028. County officials say about 12,350 placements would be needed to meet the overall reduction target, while accounting for people newly experiencing homelessness and those who lose housing again. The goal would bring the number of people experiencing homelessness to roughly 13,000; an estimate put the number of people who had received homeless services in Multnomah County in the prior 30 to 60 days at about 14,500.
The committee includes Portland Mayor Keith Wilson, Multnomah County Chair Jessica Vega Pederson, County Commissioner Shannon Singleton, Gresham Mayor Travis Stovall and Portland City Councilor Eric Zimmerman. Wilson was the only voting member to oppose the targets, saying a 10% reduction was not ambitious enough; Councilor Dan Ryan also said he would have voted no, arguing the target understates the crisis's effect on residents and the local economy.
The plan also includes an 8% reduction target for unsheltered homelessness, longer stays in supportive housing for people with high behavioral health needs, and more affordable housing for people earning 30% or less of the area median income. But funding is uncertain: about $35 million budgeted this year for shelter and housing placement is one-time money, and officials will need a similar amount next year. "A numerical goal without a resource strategy is an aspiration, not a plan," said Tony Bernal, executive director of Transition Projects.
Placing 12,350 people in housing over two years would be a 27% jump from the rate achieved over the previous two years. County figures show 80% of people who received temporary rent assistance in fiscal 2024 remained housed two years after it ended; the rate was 84% for people placed in permanent housing with wraparound services. Source: The Portland Focal.
图片来源：图：波特兰东北区街边的无家可归者帐篷营地。摄影：Graywalls，CC BY-SA 4.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
