德国劳工部长巴斯辞职 社民党联合党魁因家庭变故与盟内攻击请辞 执政联盟再受冲击
2026年10月12日周一，德国劳工部长、社民党（SPD）联合主席贝尔贝尔·巴斯（Baerbel Bas）意外辞去部长与党魁职务。据路透社经 Devdiscourse 转载的报道，巴斯表示，她辞职是为了处理继女近期去世带来的悲痛；她同时说，针对她的「公开攻击」——「不幸的是，也包括来自我们执政伙伴内部」——已使处境难以承受。
接任安排随即公布：前莱茵兰-普法尔茨州州长亚历山大·施魏策尔（Alexander Schweitzer）将出任劳工部长；社民党整个领导层将在年底的特别党代会上重新选举。与巴斯共同领导社民党的财政部长克林拜尔（Lars Klingbeil）取消了原定的印度之行，其是否出席本周在泰国举行的二十国集团财长会议一度未定。克林拜尔称，巴斯在哀悼期间遭受的攻击「不恰当、不可接受」。
巴斯主管的劳工部掌管德国福利体系的大部分事务。她此前屡遭默茨所在的基民盟部分成员批评，指责她阻碍经济改革；保守派正寻求劳动力市场放松管制以提振经济，而社民党则主张维护工人权利与福利。分析认为，单个部长的离开预计不会打乱政府整体运作，但它凸显了欧洲最大经济体的政治动荡。
背景是默茨的执政联盟在9月州选举中遭极右翼选择党在东部获胜的重挫后持续承压，民调中因经济不确定与生活成本不满而低迷。选择党将东部胜利视为迈向2029年联邦大选胜利的第一步，未来一年还有五个州举行选举，结果将影响默茨在联邦参议院通过重大立法的能力。
Labour Minister Bas Resigns as SPD Co-Leader, Citing Bereavement and Coalition Attacks; Merz's Coalition Strained Again
On Monday, October 12, 2026, Germany's labour minister and co-leader of the Social Democrats (SPD), Baerbel Bas, resigned unexpectedly from both posts. Reuters, via Devdiscourse, reported that Bas said she was stepping down to deal with grief over her stepdaughter's recent death. She added that public attacks against her, unfortunately also from within the ranks of the coalition partner, had made her situation unbearable.
Succession arrangements followed at once: Alexander Schweitzer, former premier of Rhineland-Palatinate, will replace her as labour minister, and the whole SPD leadership will face re-election at a special party conference at the end of the year. Finance Minister Lars Klingbeil, who shared the SPD leadership with Bas, cancelled a planned trip to India, and it was unclear whether he would attend the G20 finance ministers' meeting in Thailand that week. Klingbeil called the attacks on Bas during her mourning inappropriate and unacceptable.
Bas's ministry oversees large parts of Germany's welfare system. She had been repeatedly criticised by some members of Merz's Christian Democrats, who accused her of standing in the way of economic reforms; the conservatives seek pro-business labour-market deregulation to revive the economy amid surging energy prices and tough rivalry from China, while the SPD pushes to preserve workers' rights and benefits.
Her departure was not expected to disrupt the government overall, but it highlighted the turmoil facing Europe's largest economy. Merz's coalition has been under growing pressure since the far-right AfD's state-election victories in eastern Germany last month, languishing in opinion polls amid economic uncertainty and frustration over living costs. Five more regional elections next year will test Merz's ability to pass major legislation through the Bundesrat ahead of the 2029 federal election.
图片来源：施普雷河畔的联邦议院建筑群，柏林。摄影：Jorge Royan，CC BY-SA 3.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
