联邦法官驳回特朗普政府对密歇根母鸡圈养法的挑战，州动物福利标准继续有效
密歇根州总检察长达纳·内塞尔（Dana Nessel）10月9日宣布，联邦西密歇根地区法院已于10月7日驳回特朗普政府对密歇根《母鸡圈养法》（Hen Enclosure Law）的诉讼，州政府保住了执行该动物福利法律的权力。
2026年1月，特朗普政府起诉密歇根州，试图剥夺州政府“确保在本州销售的鸡蛋来自人道饲养条件下母鸡”的监管权。联邦政府主张，该州法律被联邦《蛋品检验法》（EPIA）优先适用，并称密歇根的圈养标准及全国类似法律推高了鸡蛋价格。
主审法官简·贝克林（Jane M. Beckering）裁定，联邦政府未能确立起诉资格：它既没有证明密歇根州执行该法律对其造成了损害，也未能“证明美国在执行《蛋品检验法》方面遭受了具体而特定的伤害”。法院给予联邦政府修改诉状的机会，但驳回了本轮挑战。
内塞尔表示：“我很高兴地区法院驳回了特朗普政府对密歇根州保护居民健康与福祉、以及我们赖以养家糊口的动物之权力的错误攻击。这起诉讼是联邦政府把超市涨价的责任从总统自己的失败政策上，甩锅给保护动物福利的州法律的拙劣尝试。”
背景可追溯至2019年：当年密歇根州议会以两党支持修订《动物产业法》，为蛋鸡饲养设定最低圈养标准，要求在密歇根销售的鸡蛋必须来自符合标准的饲养环境。本案中，产业界与动保组织罕见地站在同一阵线——密歇根联合家禽产业协会（Michigan Allied Poultry Industries）、“人道世界动物组织”（Humane World for Animals）及“动物健康行动”（Animal Wellness Action）均介入诉讼，为州法律辩护。
这一裁决意味着密歇根的笼养鸡蛋标准暂时得以保留，也再次凸显联邦与各州在动物福利监管权上的长期拉锯。联邦政府若选择修改诉状后继续上诉，争议还将延续。
Federal Judge Dismisses Trump Administration Challenge to Michigan Hen Enclosure Law; State Animal-Welfare Standards Stand
LANSING — Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel announced on Oct. 9 that the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan dismissed, on Oct. 7, the Trump administration's challenge to Michigan's Hen Enclosure Law, preserving the state's right to enforce the animal-welfare statute.
In January 2026, the Trump administration sued the State of Michigan, seeking to displace the state's authority to ensure that eggs sold in Michigan come from birds kept under humane conditions. The federal government argued the state law was preempted by the federal Egg Products Inspection Act (EPIA), and alleged that Michigan's enclosure standards — and similar laws nationwide — contributed to rising egg prices.
U.S. District Judge Jane M. Beckering held that the federal government failed to establish standing to challenge the law: it had not shown it was harmed by Michigan's enforcement, nor had it "establish[ed] a concrete and particularized injury to [the United States'] enforcement of EPIA." The court gave the federal government an opportunity to amend its complaint.
"I am pleased the District Court dismissed the Trump administration's flawed assault on Michigan's authority to protect the health and welfare of Michigan residents, as well as the animals we rely on to feed our families," Nessel said. "This lawsuit was a thinly veiled attempt by the federal government to shift blame for higher costs at the grocery store from the President's own failed policies to state laws that protect animal welfare."
The law's roots go back to 2019, when the Michigan Legislature amended the state's Animal Industry Act with bipartisan support to set minimum housing standards for egg-laying hens, requiring eggs sold in Michigan to come from animals kept in compliant conditions. In an unusual alignment, industry and animal-rights groups intervened on the same side to defend the law, including Michigan Allied Poultry Industries, Humane World for Animals and Animal Wellness Action.
The ruling keeps Michigan's cage-free egg standards in place for now and underscores the long-running tug-of-war between federal and state authority over animal-welfare regulation. The dispute could continue if the federal government amends its complaint and presses on.
图片来源：图：笼养环境中的蛋鸡（资料图）。摄影：Andrew Skowron（Otwarte Klatki），CC BY 2.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
