联邦法官放行：特朗普政府诉加州鸡蛋新规案可以继续打
洛杉矶联邦地区法院法官 Mark Scarsi 10月6日裁定，驳回加州要求撤销特朗普政府诉加州鸡蛋养殖新规案的动议，诉讼可以继续进行。争议焦点是加州对蛋鸡的最小活动空间等饲养标准。
特朗普政府2025年首次起诉加州的蛋鸡舍规，称这些规定推高了全美消费者的鸡蛋价格。法官今年早些时候驳回了第一版诉状，理由是联邦政府未能充分证明加州规定对其造成了损害，即缺乏在联邦法院起诉的资格（standing）。
政府随后提交了修改版诉状，加州主张新版仍有同样的缺陷，要求再次驳回。这一次法官认定，新版诉状充分陈述了对美国政府利益的损害，满足了起诉资格。裁决指出，新版诉状中的补充事实支持这样一个"合理的推断"：加州的规定破坏了美国农业部（USDA）执行《鸡蛋产品检验法》（Egg Products Inspection Act）的"监管体系"，而该法本意是在全州之间实行统一的鸡蛋标准。
特朗普政府在修改版诉状中主张，该联邦法优先于（pre-empt）加州的规定，因为加州制定了与 USDA 不同的鸡蛋标准。美国政府及批评者认为，加州的规定迫使外州鸡蛋生产商改造养殖场，才能进入加州销售市场。
法官也承认，新版诉状"比可比的先例写得更简略"，关于对 USDA 影响的"具体指控明显缺失"。但裁决写道："诉状支持这样一个推断：农业部不仅行使了制定规则的权力，而且正在行使执行或管理这些规则的权力。"
值得注意的是，诉讼目前暂停，因为法官允许加州就"是否应驳回"这一问题提起中间上诉（interlocutory appeal）。通常联邦诉讼要等终审判决后才能上诉，但法官认为第九巡回上诉法院可以就这个复杂的法律问题"提供澄清"；如果第九巡回认定联邦政府没有起诉资格，现在上诉可以"避免耗费大量时间和资源"。
来源：Capital Press 2026年10月6日报道。
Federal Judge Lets Trump Administration's Lawsuit Against California Egg Rules Proceed
U.S. District Judge Mark Scarsi in Los Angeles ruled on October 6 that the Trump administration may move forward with its lawsuit against California's regulations for egg-laying hens, rejecting the state's motion to dismiss the revised complaint. The dispute centers on California's minimum floor-space requirements and other housing rules for hens.
The Trump administration first sued in 2025, arguing the chicken-housing rules inflated egg prices for American consumers. The judge dismissed the original complaint earlier this year, finding the federal government had not adequately shown an injury from California's regulations — that is, it lacked standing to sue in federal court.
After the administration filed an amended complaint, California argued the new version suffered from the same defects and urged dismissal again. This time, the judge found the updated lawsuit sufficiently pleads an injury to the U.S. government's interests to establish standing. The ruling said the additional facts support a "plausible inference" that California's regulations undermine the USDA's "regulatory scheme" for enforcing the Egg Products Inspection Act, which is meant to ensure uniform egg standards across state lines.
In the amended suit, the Trump administration argues the federal law pre-empts California's regulations, since the state imposes different egg standards than the USDA's. The U.S. government and other critics argue the rules force out-of-state egg producers to modify their operations to access California's sales market.
The judge acknowledged the revised complaint was "more sparsely pleaded" than comparable precedent, with "specific allegations" about impacts on the USDA "notably absent." But, the ruling said, "the complaint supports an inference that the Department of Agriculture not only has exercised its authority to promulgate regulations, but also is exercising its authority to enforce or administer those regulations."
Notably, the litigation is on hold because the judge is allowing California to file an interlocutory appeal on whether the case should be dismissed. Ordinarily federal cases can only be appealed after a final judgment, but the judge said the Ninth Circuit could "provide clarity" on a complicated legal issue — and if the Ninth Circuit finds the federal government lacks standing, an appeal now could "avoid expensing significant time and resources."
Source: Capital Press, October 6, 2026.
图片来源：Famartin 摄，CC BY-SA 4.0（Wikimedia Commons）
