停火生效满一年：百余人道组织称加沙停火只剩纸面，超1400人死于后续打击
10月10日，美国斡旋的加沙停火协议生效满一年。然而在周年之际，人道组织与加沙卫生部门指出，这份停火如今只剩纸面上的和平：停火以来已有超过1400名巴勒斯坦人死于以军火力，以军在加沙的控制区反而扩大，重建从未启动。（GSM 10月10日已报周六加沙空袭致5人死亡，本条为停火周年综合评估。）
超过100家人道主义与人权组织发表联合声明称，加沙的停火只存在于纸面上——过去一年里约有1400至1480名巴勒斯坦人死于以军炮火，空袭与射击几乎每天都在发生。声明指出，停火协议的关键政治步骤已全部停滞：哈马斯尚未实现可核实的解除武装，加沙新行政机构的地面权威有限，拟议中的国际稳定部队至今没有部署——曾承诺派出8000人部队的印尼去年春季已搁置计划。
以色列方面同样背离协议：以方不仅没有按协议从加沙撤出，反而把所谓黄线控制区向西推向地中海，控制了加沙约七成的领土。以色列还阻止巴勒斯坦新行政机构经埃及进入加沙。以军称其军事行动针对的是违反停火、接近黄线或参与2023年10月7日袭击的武装人员；哈马斯则否认重整军备，反指以色列在破坏停火。
人道状况更加恶化。重型机械与建筑材料仍被挡在加沙之外，大多数医院损毁或只能部分运转，大规模重建从未开始。加沙城的流离失所者仍住在帐篷里。一名流离失所的妇女对法新社说：没有任何东西变好，一切都更糟了。他们在骗我们，全是谎言。另一名男子说，他曾以为停火后能回家，结果我们还是在难民营里受苦，睡在临时垫子上。
周日，加沙仍有新的袭击报告：当地医疗机构称，加沙城发生袭击造成多人死伤，其中包括一名儿童。援助机构警告，随着协议落实几乎没有实质进展，政治解决遥遥无期，这场看不到尽头的战争恐怕还将继续。（消息来源：路透社、法新社、美联社）
One Year Into the Gaza Ceasefire: 100+ Aid Groups Say Truce Exists Only on Paper; Over 1,400 Killed in Follow-Up Strikes
October 10 marked one year since the U.S.-brokered Gaza ceasefire took effect. Yet at the anniversary, humanitarian organizations and Gaza health officials describe a truce that exists only on paper: more than 1,400 Palestinians have been killed by Israeli fire since the deal, Israel's control zone inside Gaza has expanded rather than shrunk, and reconstruction has never begun. GSM reported Saturday's Gaza strikes that killed five on Oct. 10; this story is a one-year assessment of the ceasefire.
More than 100 humanitarian and rights groups said in a joint statement that the truce exists only on paper, citing roughly 1,400 to 1,480 Palestinian deaths from Israeli fire over the past year, with strikes and shootings occurring almost daily. The groups said every key political step of the ceasefire plan has stalled: Hamas has not been verifiably disarmed, the new Gaza administration has limited authority on the ground, and the proposed international stabilisation force has never deployed — Indonesia, which pledged the largest contingent of 8,000 troops, suspended its plans last spring.
Israel has likewise diverged from the agreement: instead of withdrawing from Gaza as required, it has pushed the so-called Yellow Line of control westward toward the Mediterranean, taking control of about 70% of Gaza's territory. Israel has also blocked the new Palestinian administration from entering Gaza via Egypt. The Israeli military says its operations target militants who violate the ceasefire, approach the Yellow Line or took part in the Oct. 7, 2023 attacks; Hamas denies rebuilding its arsenal and accuses Israel of undermining the truce.
The humanitarian situation has deteriorated further. Heavy machinery and building materials remain blocked from entering Gaza, most hospitals are damaged or only partially functional, and large-scale reconstruction has never started. Displaced families in Gaza City still live in tents. Nothing has changed for the better; everything has gotten worse — they lie to us, it is all lies, a displaced woman told AFP. Another man said he had expected to return home after the ceasefire: Instead, we see ourselves suffering in refugee camps, sleeping on makeshift mats.
On Sunday, new strike reports emerged from Gaza: local health authorities said several people, including a child, were killed or wounded in Gaza City. Aid agencies warn that with virtually no substantive progress in implementing the deal, a political settlement remains distant — and the war without end may simply continue. (Sources: Reuters, AFP, AP)
图片来源：图：加沙战争期间流离失所者的帐篷营地。摄影：Jaber Jehad Badwan，CC BY-SA 4.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
