卫星影像显示伊朗Minzadayi核设施“明显重启”：3月遭以军轰炸后土方作业、车辆云集，智库警告或恢复核武研发
据华盛顿智库“科学与国际安全研究所”（ISIS）10 月 6 日发布的报告，卫星影像显示，伊朗可能正在重建今年 3 月被以色列轰炸的一处核设施。报告援引 9 月和 10 月的高分辨率 VANTOR 卫星影像称，位于德黑兰东北方向的 Minzadayi 核设施出现“明显的重启迹象”：车辆异常密集、土方作业持续、地面修复、新建筑开建，显示该设施已恢复日常运转。
Minzadayi 是今年战争期间以色列公开的一处秘密核设施，3 月 3 日遭以军空袭，多栋建筑及可能的地下结构被毁。以方当时称，一组伊朗核科学家在那里秘密研发核武系统的关键部件。最新影像显示，设施经历了大规模清理：碎石被清走、山体损毁被修复，警戒线外停满轿车、院内可见货车和工程车辆穿梭。尤其引人注目的是，被炸后留下弹坑的“庭院”状地面仍在进行土方作业——分析认为，这片看似普通的地面下可能藏着与山体相连的部分地下结构。
“根据已知情况，这些活动可能表明伊朗正在努力恢复其核武器研发能力，并弥补 3 月袭击中失去的设施。”ISIS 在报告中写道。该所的报告并非政府结论，但它长期从事核扩散分析，卫星影像研究被媒体和军控界广泛引用。
这份报告出炉时，围绕伊朗核问题的紧张仍未消散。今年 2 月底美以对伊朗发动联合打击、战争爆发；以军称 3 月的空袭针对的正是活跃的核弹头研发点。在 9 月 17 日的另一份报告中，ISIS 还发现伊朗正在帕尔钦军事综合体的 Taleghan 2 设施大举重建——用篷布盖住被炸毁的地下工事以躲避卫星，翻斗车、推土机、混凝土搅拌车日夜作业。伊朗尚未对 Minzadayi 的最新发现作出回应。研究所也承认，目前还不能确定重启的是修复工程还是武器研发本身——但影像表明，这个地方又动起来了。
Satellite Imagery Shows 'Significant Renewed Activity' at Iran's Minzadayi Nuclear Weapons Site Bombed by Israel, Watchdog Warns
Iran may be rebuilding nuclear weapons development capabilities at a secretive compound northeast of Tehran that Israel bombed earlier this year, according to an analysis of satellite imagery by the Washington-based Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS). The institute's October 6 report says high-resolution imagery from VANTOR Technologies taken in September and October 2026 shows "significant renewed activity" — heavy vehicle traffic, continuing earthmoving, repaired terrain and even new construction — at the Minzadayi compound.
Minzadayi was publicly revealed by Israel during the 2026 war and struck by the Israeli Air Force on March 3, an attack that destroyed several buildings and likely underground structures. Israeli military intelligence had said a group of Iranian nuclear scientists operated there covertly to develop a key component of a nuclear weapons system. The new imagery shows the aftermath of a large cleanup: rubble cleared, hillside damage repaired, and routine vehicle movement resumed across the compound, with passenger cars parked outside the fortified perimeter and trucks inside. Particularly notable are continuing earthworks around a courtyard-like surface where bomb craters were visible after the March strike — analysis suggests the ordinary-looking surface may sit above a partially underground structure.
"Given what is known about this compound, this activity may be indicative of an effort by Iran to reestablish a nuclear weapons development capability and to reconstitute what was lost in the attack," ISIS said. The institute's reports are not government findings, but the organization has a long record of nuclear-proliferation analysis, and its satellite-imagery work is widely cited by media and arms-control analysts.
The report lands as nuclear anxieties around Iran remain high. The war earlier this year began with joint U.S.-Israeli strikes in late February and Israel says its March attack was aimed at an active warhead research site. In a separate September 17 report, ISIS found Iran rapidly reconstructing the Taleghan 2 facility at the Parchin military complex — erecting tarps over destroyed buried structures to hide rebuilding from satellites, with dump trucks, bulldozers and concrete mixers working on site. Iran has not publicly commented on the Minzadayi findings. Whether the renewed activity is cleanup and repair or the start of restored weapons work is, as the institute itself notes, not yet certain — but the imagery shows the site is active again.
图片来源：图：德黑兰北部城区与厄尔布尔士山脉实景（资料图）。摄影：Amir Pashaei，CC BY-SA 4.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
