暴力抗议次日 南非内政部撤回庇护申请受理指令 称接待办公室不堪重负
2026年10月9日周五，南非内政部宣布撤回允许受理庇护申请的指令。据路透社10月9日报道，该指令原本是为落实宪法法院7月7日的裁决——该裁决认定，不能仅以非法入境等程序理由拒绝庇护者进入庇护系统。撤回发生在德班与索韦托反移民抗议演变为暴力的次日。
内政部在声明中说，该指令是一项操作性措施，其实施在数日内即让难民接待办公室不堪重负，令工作人员面临风险，并对公共安全与秩序构成威胁。政府再次强调，法院裁决并不自动授予无证移民难民地位、永久居留或其他法律权利，并将前一日的暴力归咎于围绕裁决的虚假信息。夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省省长恩图利（Thami Ntuli）警告，抗议将对该省安全与经济造成深远影响。
警务方面，代理国家警察总监丁帕内（Puleng Dimpane）在索韦托的记者会上表示局势已经平静，警方在两地增派了力量。SABC 报道，德班的抗议已进入第二晚，省长呼吁增派包括军人在内的安全力量平息暴力。截至当晚，警方通报的逮捕人数持续上升，涉及公共暴力与恶意损毁财物等指控。
同一天，南非还发生了另一项重大司法进展：宪法法院裁定《离婚法》中将养老金权益排除在离婚财产再分配之外的条款违宪，认定其不公平地歧视女性，并给予议会24个月修法。庇护指令的撤回与法院裁决同日出现，凸显南非在移民治理、司法权威与街头压力之间的艰难平衡，这一平衡将持续考验拉马福萨政府。
A Day After the Violence, Home Affairs Withdraws Asylum Intake Directive, Saying Reception Offices Were Overwhelmed
On Friday, October 9, 2026, South Africa's Department of Home Affairs withdrew the directive allowing the intake of asylum applications. Reuters reported the directive had sought to implement the Constitutional Court's July 7 ruling that asylum seekers cannot be denied access to the asylum system solely on procedural grounds such as entering the country illegally. The withdrawal came a day after anti-migrant protests turned violent in Durban and Johannesburg's Soweto township.
Home Affairs said the directive was an operational measure whose implementation had overwhelmed refugee reception offices within days, put officials at risk and led to threats to public safety and order. The government reiterated that the court's ruling did not automatically grant refugee status, permanent residence or other legal rights to undocumented migrants, and blamed disinformation about the ruling for the violence. KwaZulu-Natal Premier Thami Ntuli warned the protests would have far-reaching consequences for the province's safety and economy.
Acting National Police Commissioner Puleng Dimpane told a briefing in Soweto that calm had returned, with additional officers deployed in both cities. SABC reported the Durban protests continuing into a second night, with the premier calling for additional security forces, including soldiers, to quell the violence. Arrests mounted through the day on charges including public violence and malicious damage to property.
The same day brought another major legal development: the Constitutional Court ruled that a Divorce Act provision excluding pension interests from the redistribution of assets in certain divorces unfairly discriminates against women, declaring it unconstitutional while giving Parliament 24 months to amend the law. The juxtaposition of the asylum reversal and the court ruling underscored the difficult balance South Africa must strike among migration governance, judicial authority and street pressure, a balance that will keep testing President Ramaphosa's government.
图片来源：比勒陀利亚联邦大厦。摄影：Hein Waschefort，CC BY-SA 3.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
