特朗普与普京通话后宣布进口俄柴油：财政部临时豁免制裁至 2027 年 4 月
特朗普总统 10 月 9 日宣布，他与俄罗斯总统普京通话后达成协议，俄罗斯将向美国及全球市场供应柴油，以压低美国居高不下的燃油价格。这是自 2022 年俄乌战争爆发、美国禁止进口俄产石油以来，美俄能源政策的一次重大逆转。
特朗普在 Truth Social 发文说，他与普京进行了一次“非常成功”的通话。按协议，俄方将“立即”供应超过 30 万吨柴油，11 月再供 50 万吨，其后追加 100 万吨，待俄罗斯炼油厂状况允许后还将交付 300 万吨，合计超过 430 万吨。他说：“让美国人、尤其是我们伟大的农民、牧场主和卡车司机用上便宜的油，是我的头等大事。”
美国财政部随即宣布，外国资产控制办公室（OFAC）已按总统指示发出临时通用许可：对已装船的俄产柴油，相关制裁豁免至 2027 年 4 月 7 日。这是俄乌战争以来首个超过 30 天常规窗口的柴油制裁豁免。克里姆林宫证实了协议；俄副总理诺瓦克称，俄方将提前解除柴油出口限制，最快 10 月即可启运。
背景是油价压力。AAA 数据显示，全美柴油平均价周五升至每加仑 6.28 美元，一年前为 3.68 美元；伊朗战争推高全球燃料成本，11 月 3 日中期选举临近，农产州与货运业受柴油涨价冲击尤深。消息公布后，超低硫柴油期货下跌约 3%。
乌克兰总统泽连斯基批评此举是在为一场必须结束、而非延长的战争“投资”，称放宽制裁只会让普京得利。另需注意，俄罗斯因炼油厂屡遭乌军袭击，已自今年 7 月起禁止柴油出口，国际能源署估计其柴油产量缩减约三成，后续交付节奏仍有变数。
资料来源：美联社、USA Today、华尔街日报、MarketWatch、美国财政部。
Trump Strikes Diesel Deal With Putin; Treasury Waives Russian Diesel Sanctions Through April 2027
President Donald Trump announced on Friday, October 9 that after a phone call with Russian President Vladimir Putin, Russia will supply diesel fuel to the United States and global markets in a bid to bring down high U.S. fuel prices — a major reversal of U.S. policy since Washington banned Russian oil imports after Moscow's 2022 invasion of Ukraine.
Writing on Truth Social, Trump said Russia would supply more than 300,000 tons of diesel “immediately,” followed by 500,000 tons in November and 1 million tons after that, with a further 3 million tons to come depending on the condition of Russian refineries — more than 4.3 million tons in total. “Lower prices for Americans, especially our Great Farmers, Ranchers, and Truckers, is my Greatest Priority,” he said, describing the call with Putin as highly successful.
The Treasury Department said its Office of Foreign Assets Control, acting at the president's direction, immediately issued a temporary general license waiving sanctions on Russian diesel cargoes loaded by Friday, through April 7, 2027 — the first diesel license longer than the standard 30-day window since the Ukraine war began. The Kremlin confirmed the deal, and Russian Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak said Moscow would lift its own diesel export restrictions ahead of schedule, with shipments possible as early as October.
The backdrop is price pressure ahead of the November 3 midterm elections. The U.S. average diesel price hit .28 a gallon on Friday, up from .68 a year ago, according to AAA, as the war in Iran pushed fuel costs higher and farm states bore the brunt. Ultra-low-sulfur diesel futures fell about 3% after the announcement.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy warned that easing sanctions would play into Putin's hands, calling it an investment in prolonging the war. One caveat: Russia banned diesel exports in July after Ukrainian strikes crippled its refineries, and the International Energy Agency estimates Russian diesel output has fallen by about 30%, so the delivery schedule could slip.
Sources: Associated Press, USA Today, The Wall Street Journal, MarketWatch, U.S. Department of the Treasury.
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