德班与索韦托反移民抗议演变为暴力 车辆被烧、外国人商店遭洗劫 政府归咎于虚假信息
2026年10月8日周四，南非德班与约翰内斯堡索韦托两地的反移民抗议演变为暴力。据路透社10月8日报道，德班的抗议源于一群人要求难民接待中心停止受理庇护申请，News24 称约10辆车被掀翻焚烧，外国人经营的商店遭洗劫；在索韦托，居民与外国店主发生冲突，现场传出枪声（新房间非洲频道报道）。警方其后通报，德班有14辆车被烧，索韦托有10辆。
政府表示，这场骚乱由关于宪法法院7月7日裁决的虚假信息触发。该裁决（斯卡拉布里尼案）仅推翻了《难民法》中允许官员在听取申请前即以程序理由拒收庇护申请的条款，并不自动授予庇护者公民身份、永久居留或其他法律权利。内政部称关于「公民身份」或「一揽子合法化」的说法「断然虚假」，并称存在协同的虚假信息传播。警方发言人表示将增派警力，涉案者将被识别、调查并依法逮捕。
骚乱的深层背景是南非长期的高失业与不平等：种族隔离结束三十多年后，约三分之一人口没有工作，移民常被指责抢工作、助长犯罪与挤占公共服务，社会科学家指出这些说法缺乏证据支持。南非仍是非洲最大经济体，持续吸引移民，今年以来多场反移民游行已引发国际批评，部分演变为暴力与抢劫，数千名非洲外国人被迫离境。
这轮骚乱波及德班与约翰内斯堡的商业区，两地均有华人商家在市中心一带经营；抗议针对的虽主要是非洲移民商店，但市中心与乡镇商业区的无差别破坏同样波及周边商户。警方称两地局势随后受控。
Anti-Migrant Protests Turn Violent in Durban and Soweto: Cars Torched, Shops Looted, Government Blames Disinformation
On Thursday, October 8, 2026, anti-migrant protests in Durban and in Johannesburg's Soweto township turned violent. Reuters reported that the Durban unrest followed a protest demanding a refugee centre stop processing asylum applications; News24 said about 10 vehicles were overturned and set alight and foreign-owned shops looted, while in Soweto residents clashed with foreign shop owners and gunshots were heard, according to Newzroom Afrika. Police later put the toll at 14 vehicles torched in Durban and 10 in Soweto.
The government said the violence was triggered by disinformation about the Constitutional Court's July 7 ruling, which struck down procedural barriers in the Refugees Act that had allowed officials to turn asylum seekers away before their claims were heard. The ruling did not automatically grant citizenship, refugee status, permanent residence or other legal rights, Home Affairs said, calling claims of blanket legalisation categorically false and pointing to a coordinated disinformation campaign. Police said more officers were mobilised and that those responsible would be identified, investigated and arrested.
The deeper context is South Africa's entrenched unemployment and inequality: three decades after apartheid, about a third of people are out of work, and migrants are often blamed for taking jobs, fuelling crime and straining public services, claims social scientists say are unsupported by evidence. Africa's largest economy continues to draw migrants, and months of anti-migrant marches this year have drawn international criticism, with thousands of African foreign nationals fleeing the country.
The unrest disrupted commercial districts in both Durban and Johannesburg, where Chinese traders also operate; although African migrant businesses were the main target, indiscriminate destruction in city centres and townships endangered neighbouring traders as well. Police said calm returned to both areas.
图片来源：图：德班市政厅与弗朗西斯·法韦尔花园实景。摄影：Mariannebritsstrodl，CC BY-SA 3.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
