美国司法部起诉丹佛市，指其禁止移民执法人员蒙面的法令越权
丹佛消息——美国司法部10月8日对丹佛市提起诉讼，挑战该市禁止联邦移民执法人员蒙面、并要求其表明身份的地方条例。据Axios与司法部公共事务办公室消息，联邦政府在诉状中主张，丹佛的条例违反美国宪法的最高条款（Supremacy Clause），地方政府无权对联邦执法人员的执勤方式施加条件。
被告名单包括丹佛市长迈克尔·约翰斯顿（Michael Johnston）、市检察官以及警察局长罗纳德·托马斯（Ronald Thomas）等市府官员。丹佛此前通过的条例要求在市内执勤的移民执法人员不得遮挡面部，并须佩戴可见的身份标识，支持者称这是为了让居民能够识别执法人员、保障问责。
这起诉讼是联邦政府与多个由民主党执政的地方政府之间围绕移民执法合作争议的最新一例。丹佛市政府方面表示将应诉，并称条例意在维护社区信任。案件将在联邦法院审理，结果可能影响其他城市类似立法的命运。
这起诉讼的更广背景，是联邦政府近年来与多地地方政府就移民执法合作展开的连串法律交锋：联邦方面主张移民事务专属联邦权限，地方政府的相关限制措施构成妨碍；地方政府则多以「恐吓社区、损害警民信任」为由为自家政策辩护，主张居民不敢与地方警察合作，最终受害的是公共安全。丹佛市政府在诉讼消息公布后表示，将在法庭上全力捍卫本地条例，并强调条例并未禁止联邦执法，只要求执法人员在丹佛执勤时遵守与地方警察相同的身份表明规则。法律界人士预计，此类案件审理周期较长，且可能上诉至联邦巡回法院，最终裁决将对其他考虑类似立法的城市产生示范效应。在判决生效前，丹佛的现行条例仍然有效。
图片来源：丹佛市郡大楼，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY 4.0，Larry D. Moore
Justice Department Sues Denver Over Ordinance Restricting Immigration Agents
DENVER — The U.S. Department of Justice sued the City of Denver on October 8, challenging a local ordinance that bars federal immigration agents from wearing masks and requires them to show identification. According to Axios and the Justice Department's Office of Public Affairs, the federal complaint argues that Denver's rules violate the Supremacy Clause of the U.S. Constitution and that the city cannot impose conditions on how federal officers operate.
Named as defendants are Mayor Michael Johnston, the city attorney and Police Chief Ronald Thomas, among other city officials. Denver's ordinance requires immigration officers working in the city to keep their faces uncovered and display visible identification; supporters say the rules let residents identify officers and ensure accountability.
The lawsuit is the latest in a series of disputes between the federal government and Democratic-led local governments over immigration enforcement. Denver officials said the city will defend the ordinance, which they describe as a community-trust measure. The case will proceed in federal court and could shape similar legislation in other cities.
The suit sits within a broader run of legal clashes between the federal government and local jurisdictions over immigration enforcement: Washington argues immigration is an exclusively federal domain and that local restrictions obstruct it, while cities contend that their rules protect community trust and that residents who fear local police will underreport crime, ultimately harming public safety. Denver said after the filing that it will vigorously defend its ordinance, stressing that it does not bar federal enforcement but asks officers working in Denver to follow the same identification rules as local police. Legal observers expect a long case, likely appealed to a federal circuit court, with the outcome guiding other cities weighing similar laws. Denver's ordinance remains in effect unless a court rules otherwise.
Photo: Denver City and County Building, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0, Larry D. Moore
图片来源：丹佛市郡大楼，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY 4.0，Larry D. Moore
