联邦法官驳回特朗普政府对密歇根散养鸡蛋法的挑战
据《底特律自由新闻报》报道，联邦法官10月7日驳回了特朗普政府试图推翻密歇根州散养鸡蛋法的努力，裁定总统行政令无权废除该州的动物福利法规。
据报道，美国地区法院法官简·贝克林（Jane Beckering）裁定，“终结反竞争监管”行政令不能优先于密歇根州2019年通过的法律——该法律要求在本州销售的鸡蛋必须来自散养母鸡，由州长格雷琴·惠特默（Gretchen Whitmer）签署，并于2026年1月1日生效；此前有数年过渡期供生产商改造。
司法部曾主张州法与《联邦禽类产品检验法》冲突并推高蛋价，呼应了政府关于州法规导致食品杂货价格高企的更广泛论调。但贝克林指出，密歇根州法律并未改变美国农业部对鸡蛋的分级或标签方式，农业部自身也表示可以继续对密歇根鸡蛋分级、不受影响。
这一裁决是特朗普政府动用行政权力挑战其认为反竞争的州法的努力中的一次重大挫败。2025年4月的行政令要求联邦机构识别并挑战被认为推高物价的州法规，鸡蛋案是其中最受瞩目的检验之一。
惠特默对裁决表示欢迎：“总统跑到密歇根来抢走你们的鸡蛋——结果输了。”动物福利组织也赞扬这一决定，称它维护了支持散养要求的密歇根选民与立法者的意愿。司法部尚未表示是否上诉。
Federal Judge Rejects Trump Challenge to Michigan's Cage-Free Egg Law
GRAND RAPIDS, Mich. — A federal judge on Oct. 7 rejected the Trump administration's attempt to override Michigan's cage-free egg law, ruling that a presidential executive order cannot wipe out a state animal welfare statute, the Detroit Free Press reported.
U.S. District Judge Jane Beckering ruled that the executive order, "Ending Anti-Competitive Regulations," cannot preempt Michigan's 2019 law requiring eggs sold in the state to come from cage-free hens. The law, signed by Gov. Gretchen Whitmer, took effect Jan. 1, 2026, after a phase-in period that gave producers years to convert their operations.
The Justice Department had argued the state law conflicted with the Federal Poultry Products Inspection Act and drove up egg prices for consumers, echoing the administration's broader claim that state regulations are responsible for high grocery costs. But Beckering wrote that Michigan's law does not change how the U.S. Department of Agriculture grades or labels eggs — and the USDA itself said it could continue grading Michigan eggs without disruption.
The ruling is a significant defeat for the administration's effort to use executive power to block state laws it considers anti-competitive. The April 2025 executive order directed federal agencies to identify and challenge state regulations deemed to raise prices, and the egg case was among its highest-profile tests.
Whitmer celebrated the ruling. "The president came to Michigan to take away your eggs — and lost," she said in a statement. Animal welfare groups also hailed the decision, saying it preserves the will of Michigan voters and lawmakers who backed the cage-free requirement. The Justice Department did not immediately say whether it would appeal.
图片来源：图：散养蛋鸡群在草地上围绕移动鸡舍活动。摄影：Im Fokus，CC BY-SA 4.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
