选择党夺下萨安州议会议长 1945年以来首次 执政联盟「防火墙」受冲击
2026年10月6日周二，萨克森-安哈尔特州议会在马格德堡举行首次会议，极右翼选择党（AfD）议员托比亚斯·劳施（Tobias Rausch）当选州议会议长。据路透社当日报道，这是自第二次世界大战结束以来，极右翼政党首次执掌德国州议会的主席职位。劳施在第一轮投票中以82票中的48票当选；选择党有39名议员，亲俄的 BSW 的5名议员此前已公开表示支持。
选择党在9月6日的州选举中获胜，但距绝对多数差3席，其州长候选人乌尔里希·西格蒙德（Ulrich Siegmund）定于12月争取议会支持出任州长。路透社指出，党内尚未找到明确的组阁路径，主流政党拒绝与选择党合作的「防火墙」惯例使选举胜势难以转化为执政权。周二议会大楼外约有400名抗议者和平集会，朗读德国宪法，举着写有「不与极右合作」的长幅红布。
投票细节引发柏林震动：劳施的票数比选择党与 BSW 的席位总和多出4票，引发外界猜测有基督教民主联盟（CDU）等主流政党议员在秘密投票中倒戈。法国《世界报》称，这一结果进一步冲击了总理默茨的执政联盟，社民党多位知名人士公开批评联盟伙伴，执政双方互相指责对方威胁联盟存续。
默茨10月7日回应称，极端主义正在进入德国的立法机构，并敦促其他政党不要与选择党合作。这一事件被广泛视为观察「防火墙」是否松动的风向标：若选择党12月成功组阁，将诞生德国战后首位选择党州长，对2029年联邦大选的格局产生深远影响。
AfD Wins Saxony-Anhalt Parliament Presidency, a First Since 1945, Testing Germany's 'Firewall'
On Tuesday, October 6, 2026, the Saxony-Anhalt state parliament convened in Magdeburg and elected Tobias Rausch of the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) as its president. Reuters reported it was the first time since the end of World War Two that a far-right party held such a post in Germany. Rausch won in the first round with 48 of 82 votes; the AfD holds 39 seats and the pro-Russian BSW's five lawmakers had publicly pledged support.
The AfD won the September 6 state election but fell three seats short of an absolute majority, and its candidate for state premier, Ulrich Siegmund, plans to seek parliamentary backing in December. Reuters noted the party still lacks a clear path to forming what would be its first state government, because mainstream parties refuse cooperation under the 'firewall' convention. Outside the parliament, about 400 protesters gathered peacefully, read aloud Germany's constitution and held a long red banner reading 'No cooperation with the extreme right.'
The arithmetic caused alarm in Berlin: Rausch's total exceeded the AfD and BSW's combined seats by four votes, fuelling suspicion that lawmakers from mainstream parties, possibly the Christian Democrats, had defied instructions in the secret ballot. Le Monde reported the vote further destabilised Chancellor Friedrich Merz's CDU-SPD coalition, with senior Social Democrats publicly criticising their partner and the two sides accusing each other of endangering the alliance.
Merz responded on October 7, warning that extremism was entering Germany's legislatures and urging other politicians not to cooperate with the AfD. The episode is widely seen as a test of the firewall: if the AfD succeeds in forming a government in December, it would produce postwar Germany's first AfD state premier, with far-reaching implications for the 2029 federal election.
图片来源：马格德堡的萨克森-安哈尔特州议会大楼。摄影：W. Bulach，CC BY-SA 4.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
