葡萄牙共和国日116周年：10月5日全国放假，里斯本市政厅阳台见证1910年共和国宣告
里斯本——10月5日是葡萄牙共和国日（Implantação da República），2026年恰逢共和国建立116周年。这一天是全国法定假日，本土与亚速尔、马德拉两自治区同步放假，财政局、市民商店等公共服务柜台关闭；由于今年10月5日是星期一，全国迎来一个三天长周末。
共和国日纪念的是1910年10月5日的革命：立宪君主制被推翻，共和国在里斯本市政厅阳台上宣告成立，国王曼努埃尔二世流亡英格兰，结束了葡萄牙近八个世纪的君主制。这一日期还有一层历史巧合——1143年10月5日的《萨莫拉条约》承认了葡萄牙的独立。
这一假日并非从未中断：在紧缩年代，葡萄牙曾于2013年至2015年暂停包括共和国日在内的四个假日，2016年才恢复。每年的这一天，总统会发表讲话，各地举行升旗、献花等仪式，缅怀共和国先贤。
对在葡华人社群而言，长周末也是出行与家庭活动的高峰。今年的共和国日长周末恰逢易捷航空罢工窗口（10月2日至6日）的最后阶段，里斯本、波尔图、法鲁三大机场的航班安排在假期尾声仍受罢工影响。
来源：据Portugal Daily News、Funchal Notícias及公共假日资料整理。
Portugal Marks 116th Republic Day: Nationwide Holiday Recalls the 1910 Proclamation in Lisbon
LISBON — October 5 is Republic Day (Implantação da República) in Portugal, and in 2026 it marks the 116th anniversary of the founding of the Republic. It is a nationwide public holiday on the mainland and in the Azores and Madeira alike; tax offices, citizen shops and most public counters close for the day. Falling on a Monday in 2026, it created a three-day weekend.
The day commemorates the revolution of October 5, 1910, when the constitutional monarchy was overthrown and the Republic was proclaimed from the balcony of Lisbon's city hall. King Manuel II went into exile in England, ending nearly eight centuries of monarchy. The date carries a second founding moment: the Treaty of Zamora, recognising Portugal's independence, was signed on October 5, 1143.
The holiday has not always been guaranteed: during the austerity years it was suspended from 2013 to 2015, along with three other holidays, and restored in 2016. Each year the president addresses the nation and ceremonies, including flag-raising and wreath-laying, are held across the country.
For Chinese residents in Portugal, the long weekend is a peak for travel and family activities. This year it overlapped the final days of the easyJet cabin-crew strike window of October 2–6, and flight schedules at Lisbon, Porto and Faro airports were still affected by the strike as the holiday drew to a close.
Sources: Compiled from Portugal Daily News, Funchal Notícias and public-holiday references.
图片来源：图：里斯本市政厅，1910年共和国宣告即在其阳台发表。摄影：Diego Delso，CC BY-SA 3.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
