印尼林火热点虽减、戒备不能松：环保组织警告泥炭地火最易复燃，南苏门答腊巨港空气污染指数破千
雅加达——尽管印度尼西亚的林火热点数量近日有所下降，环保组织10月5日警告，政府绝不能因此松懈：泥炭地火灾极易在高温干旱下复燃。今年印尼正遭遇11年来最严重的野火季，“超级厄尔尼诺”推高气温，林火与烟霾已使印尼国内呼吸道疾病激增，并笼罩邻国马来西亚和新加坡。
泥炭地保护组织Pantau Gambut的倡导者普特拉·萨普蒂安（Putra Saptian）在记者会上说，林业部数据显示热点从上周五到周六已近乎减半，但“热点减少不应被政府当作成功的主要指标，因为泥炭地火的特性与矿物土壤上的火不同”。他解释，泥炭火通过地下有机物蔓延，会持续阴燃并随时重新冒出地面。该组织警告，印尼2400万公顷泥炭地中已有1600万公顷因生态破坏（包括大规模毁林和地下水位下降）变得更易起火，而2015至2019年间被火烧过的受损泥炭地只有3%恢复为森林。
在南苏门答腊省首府巨港，泥炭火产生的浓厚烟霾把天空熏成黄色。当地环保倡导者卡尔蒂卡·莱斯塔里（Kartika Lestari）说，灰尘沾满衣服，“想象一下它对我们的肺会做什么”。周一，巨港的空气污染指数超过1000，而300以上即属“危险”级别。同一场记者会上，绿色和平组织呼吁政府追究与火灾有关的企业，包括在印尼经营业务的马来西亚公司。马来西亚自然资源与环境可持续性部长亚瑟·约瑟夫·库鲁普（Arthur Joseph Kurup）在另一场简报中警告，炎热干燥的天气将持续到新年，“最糟的还在后面”。
印尼林业部10月4日发表声明称仍保持高度戒备，将继续全力控制火灾、尤其是泥炭火。普拉博沃总统上月已新设泥炭地与红树林恢复机构。随着旱季持续，防火的关键——恢复泥炭地水位、执法追究烧芭责任——仍是雅加达面前的硬仗。
来源：据路透社2026年10月5日报道整理。
Indonesia Must Keep Its Guard Up Against Wildfires Despite Fewer Hotspots, Green Groups Warn as Peat Fires Smoulder
JAKARTA — The Indonesian government must keep its guard up against wildfires despite a recent decline in the number of hotspots, environmental groups said on Monday, October 5, warning that peatland fires remain prone to flare up amid persistently hot and dry weather. Indonesia has been battling its most intense wildfires in 11 years, with a 'super El Niño' driving up temperatures. Fire and haze have caused a spike in respiratory illnesses at home and shrouded neighbouring Malaysia and Singapore in hazardous smog.
Though the Forestry Ministry said the number of hotspots had nearly halved from Friday to Saturday, there was still high potential for peatland fires, said Putra Saptian, a campaigner with the peatland protection group Pantau Gambut. 'A reduction in hotspots should not be cited by the government as a key indicator of success, given that the characteristics of peatland fires differ from those of fires on mineral soil,' he told a press conference. Peat fires spread through underground organic material, creating persistent smouldering and the potential to re-emerge. The group warned that of Indonesia's 24 million hectares of peatland, 16 million hectares have been made more fire-prone by ecosystem damage, including extensive deforestation and depleted water tables, and that only 3 percent of peatland damaged by fires in 2015–2019 has been restored into forest.
In Palembang, capital of South Sumatra, thick haze from peat fires was turning the sky yellow, with air pollution at 'a very terrifying' level, said Kartika Lestari, an environmental campaigner based in the city. 'Dust is clinging to our clothes: imagine what that would do to our lungs,' she told the same briefing. The air pollution index in Palembang exceeded 1,000 on Monday; a reading above 300 is categorised as 'hazardous'. At the briefing, Greenpeace called on the government to go after companies linked to the fires, including Malaysia-based firms operating in Indonesia. Malaysia's Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability Minister Arthur Joseph Kurup warned at a separate briefing that 'the worst is yet to come', with hot and dry conditions set to persist into the new year.
The Forestry Ministry said in a statement on Sunday that it remained on high alert and would maintain efforts to contain fires, especially peat fires. President Prabowo Subianto launched a new peatland and mangrove restoration agency last month. With the dry season far from over, restoring peat water tables and enforcing the law against those who set fires remain the hard tasks facing Jakarta.
Source: Compiled from Reuters reporting on October 5, 2026.
图片来源：苏门答腊上空的烟霾与火点卫星图，公共领域（Wikimedia Commons）
