巴西大选投票日：1.25亿人投票，弃票人数创1998年以来新高
10月4日（周日），巴西举行全国大选。据印度ANI通讯社经Devdiscourse发布的报道，本届选举是巴西历史上规模最大的一次，约1.587亿人有投票资格，投票时间为巴西利亚时间上午8时至下午5时，选民同时选出总统、州长、参议员、联邦众议员与州议员。电子投票在全国铺开，近89%的登记选民已录入生物识别信息。
计票当晚即见分晓，但投票率成为另一个焦点。斯坦福大学弗里曼·斯波格利国际问题研究所10月发表的选后分析指出，约1.25亿巴西人实际投票，另有约3,300万人没有投票，是1998年以来最高的弃票水平。巴西实行强制投票制，如此规模的弃票被分析人士视为选民对政治现状不满的信号。
当天的总统选战在两位候选人之间展开：80岁的卢拉寻求第四个总统任期，45岁的参议员弗拉维奥·博索纳罗代表自由党出战。弗拉维奥在里约热内卢投票后表示要“解放巴西人民”，并对首轮获胜表达信心；卢拉则主打延续其减少不平等的社会政策，弗拉维奥主打治安强硬路线与亲美合作。
由于无人获得过半有效票，选举当晚即确认两人进入10月25日决选，具体得票结果由高等选举法院陆续公布。这场投票也被视为对巴西民主成色的一次检验：2023年1月冲击国会事件之后，巴西的制度韧性一直受到国际社会关注。
Voting Day in Brazil: 125 Million Cast Ballots as Abstention Hits Its Highest Since 1998
Brazil held its general election on Sunday, October 4. ANI, via Devdiscourse, reported that it was the largest election in the country's history, with about 158.7 million people eligible to vote between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. Brasilia time for president, governors, senators, federal deputies and state deputies. Electronic voting was used nationwide, and nearly 89 percent of registered voters had biometric records on file.
The count was settled the same night, but turnout became a story in itself. A post-election analysis published by Stanford's Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies found that about 125 million Brazilians voted while roughly 33 million stayed home — the highest abstention level since 1998. Voting is mandatory for most Brazilian adults, so abstention on this scale was read by analysts as a signal of deep voter dissatisfaction.
The presidential contest pitted the 80-year-old Lula, seeking a fourth term, against 45-year-old Senator Flavio Bolsonaro of the Liberal Party. Bolsonaro cast his vote in Rio de Janeiro saying he wanted to free the Brazilian people and expressing confidence in a first-round win; Lula campaigned on continuing his social programmes against inequality, while Bolsonaro ran on a tough line on crime and closer cooperation with the United States.
With neither candidate winning a majority of valid votes, election night confirmed a runoff on October 25, with detailed results published by the Superior Electoral Court. The vote was also watched as a test of Brazilian democracy's health after the January 2023 attacks on Congress put the country's institutional resilience in the international spotlight.
图片来源：图：巴西大选投票日，工作人员将电子投票机送入投票站（2022年第二轮投票资料图）。摄影：Senado Federal，CC BY 2.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
