新西兰国会10月1日正式解散 11月7日大选竞选全面展开
2026年10月1日，新西兰第54届国会正式解散，为期三年的国会任期结束，通往11月7日大选的正式程序启动。据路透社报道，国会已于9月23日举行最后一次会议；总督按日程于10月4日发出选举令，指示选举委员会组织投票。本届国会任期始于2023年10月大选之后。
新西兰采用德国式的混合成员比例代表制（MMP），选民分别投选区候选人票与政党票，国会通常设120个席位。这一制度使联合执政成为常态，小党在组阁中往往握有关键作用。执政的国家党由总理克里斯托弗·卢克森领导，与行动党、新西兰优先党联合执政；在野的最大政党为工党。
路透社援引本周公布的1News-Verian民调称，由工党领衔的左翼阵营有望赢得65个席位、达到组阁门槛，而现执政联盟预计获得59席。选战焦点集中在生活成本、经济管理与公共服务，中间派的机会党在部分民调中被视为可能的造王者。
按选举委员会日程，海外投票将于10月21日开始，国内提前投票10月26日开放，正式结果定于11月27日公布。未来五周，各党将在全国展开拉票，民调走势与小党表现将决定下一届政府的构成。
New Zealand Parliament Dissolved as Campaign Begins for 7 November Election
New Zealand's 54th Parliament was formally dissolved on 1 October 2026, ending the three-year term that began after the October 2023 election and starting the formal process toward the general election on 7 November. Reuters reported that Parliament held its final sitting on 23 September, and the Governor-General was scheduled to issue the writ on 4 October directing the Electoral Commission to conduct the poll.
New Zealand uses the Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) system, under which voters cast an electorate vote and a party vote for a parliament that normally has 120 seats. The system has made coalition governments the norm, giving smaller parties a significant role in determining who governs. The governing National Party, led by Prime Minister Christopher Luxon, is in coalition with ACT and New Zealand First; Labour is the largest opposition party.
A 1News-Verian poll released this week, cited by Reuters, suggested a Labour-led left bloc could win 65 seats, enough to form a government, against 59 for the incumbent National, ACT and New Zealand First bloc. Campaigning is expected to focus on the cost of living, economic management and public services, and the centrist Opportunity Party has been identified in some polls as a possible kingmaker.
Overseas voting begins on 21 October and advance voting in New Zealand opens on 26 October, with official results scheduled for 27 November. Over the next five weeks the parties will campaign nationwide, and the polls and minor-party performances will decide the shape of the next government.
图片来源：惠灵顿国会蜂巢大楼。摄影：Michal Klajban，CC BY-SA 4.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons
