奥地利与四国商定欧盟外遣返中心具体步骤 卢森堡会议聚焦移民危机应急
2026年10月1日，欧盟司法与内政部长会议在卢森堡举行。希腊移民部长塔诺斯·普莱夫里斯在会上提出，欧盟应建立应急机制，在出现大规模移民危机时可以暂时暂停受理庇护申请。奥地利是参与这一讨论的前线国家之一。
普莱夫里斯以西班牙休达为例说明危机的规模。西班牙方面估计，今年7月有超过7.2万人进入这块北非飞地，多数人已经返回，但仍有约1万人滞留当地。他表示，现行欧盟移民公约有助于减少抵达人数并增加遣返，但不足以应对这类突发涌入。
希腊、德国、奥地利、丹麦和荷兰组成的五国集团在会上表示，已就具体步骤达成一致，方向是在欧盟以外的非成员国设立遣返中心，接收庇护申请已被拒绝的人。奥地利内政部长格哈德·卡纳是该集团的核心成员之一，维也纳长期主张加快遣返、减少非正常移民。
希腊在2015至2016年危机中曾处于前线，当时有超过100万人经希腊进入欧洲。近年来爱琴海岛屿来自利比亚的船只有所增加。雅典去年曾暂停处理经海路自北非抵达者的申请数月，并通过了加快遣返被拒申请者的立法。遣返中心选址与时间表仍有待五国后续公布。
Austria and Four Partners Agree Steps Toward Return Hubs Outside the EU
EU justice and home affairs ministers met in Luxembourg on 1 October 2026. Greek Migration Minister Thanos Plevris told the meeting the EU should build an emergency mechanism that could temporarily suspend asylum applications during a major migration crisis. Austria was among the frontline states taking part in the debate.
Plevris pointed to the Spanish enclave of Ceuta as an example of the scale involved. Spain estimates more than 72,000 people entered the North African enclave in late July; most have returned, but around 10,000 remain there. He said the EU migration pact had helped curb arrivals and increase returns, but was not enough for such emergencies.
Greece, Germany, Austria, Denmark and the Netherlands, known as the Group of Five, said they had agreed concrete steps toward setting up return hubs in a non-EU country for people whose asylum claims have been rejected. Austrian Interior Minister Gerhard Karner is a core member of the group, and Vienna has long pressed for faster returns and less irregular migration.
Greece stood on the front line of the 2015-16 crisis, when more than a million people crossed into Europe. Arrivals on the Aegean islands from Libya have risen in recent years. Athens last year paused processing applications from people arriving by sea from North Africa for a few months and passed legislation to fast-track deportations. The five countries have yet to publish a location or timetable for the hubs.
图片来源：卢森堡基希贝格欧洲区大道。照片：B25es，CC BY-SA 4.0，来源：Wikimedia Commons（Bd Konrad Adenauer DSCF1064.JPG）
